Transcriptome comparison revealed the difference in subcutaneous fat metabolism of Qinghai yak under different feeding conditions.

In order to explore the differences in subcutaneous fat metabolism and pathway information in yaks under different feeding conditions, this experiment used Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology to sequence the transcriptome of subcutaneous fat tissues of yaks under different feeding conditions and analyzed them bioinformatically. 9 naturally grazed yaks at 18 months of age were randomly divided into 3 groups, one group (G18_SF) was slaughtered, one group (G24_SF) continued to graze until 24 months of age was slaughtered, and one group (F24_SF) was housed until 24 months of age was slaughtered, and subcutaneous fat tissue was collected from the back of the yaks. A total of 15,261 expressed genes were identified in the nine samples, with 13,959 coexpressed genes and 533 differential expressed genes (DEGs), G18_SF vs F24_SF 133 DEGs, G18_SF vs G24_SF 469 DEGs, F24_SF vs G24_SF 5 DEGs. GO functional annotation analysis found that DEGs were mainly annotated in BP and CC, which included biological regulation, metabolic processes and cellular processes. KEGG revealed that the DEGs are mainly enriched for PPAR signaling pathway, AMPK signaling pathway and other pathways related to lipid metabolism. This study provides a scientific basis for further research on the effects of mRNA on subcutaneous fat in yaks under different feeding conditions.