Yang Min, Wang Ran, Xie Yushi, Zhu Longjiao, Huang Jiaqiang, Xu Wentao
Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Geriatrics (Hepatobiliary Diseases), China General Technology Group, Beijing, 100073, China.
Biosens Bioelectron. 2025 Mar 1;271:116987. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116987. Epub 2024 Nov 29.
In recent years, nanozymes have emerged as highly potential substitutes, surpassing the performance of natural enzymes. Among them, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and their metal hybrids have become a hot topic in nanozyme research due to their facile synthesis, easy surface modification, high stability, and excellent enzymatic activity. The integration of DNA with AuNPs, by precisely controlling the assembly, arrangement, and functionalization of nanoparticles, greatly facilitates the development of highly sensitive and selective biosensors. This review comprehensively elaborates on three core strategies for the combination of DNA with AuNPs, and deeply analyzes two widely applied enzyme activities in the field of sensing technology and the catalytic principles behind them. On this basis, we systematically summarize various methods for regulating the activity of gold nanozymes by DNA. Following that, we comprehensively review the latest research trends of DNA-Au nanozymes in the field of biosensing, with a particular focus on several crucial application areas such as food safety, environmental monitoring, and disease diagnosis. In the conclusion of the article, we not only discuss the main challenges faced in current research but also look forward to potential future research directions.
近年来，纳米酶已成为极具潜力的替代品，其性能超越了天然酶。其中，金纳米颗粒（AuNPs）及其金属杂化物因其合成简便、易于表面修饰、稳定性高和酶活性优异，已成为纳米酶研究中的热点话题。通过精确控制纳米颗粒的组装、排列和功能化，将DNA与AuNPs整合，极大地促进了高灵敏度和选择性生物传感器的发展。本文综述全面阐述了DNA与AuNPs结合的三种核心策略，并深入分析了传感技术领域中广泛应用的两种酶活性及其背后的催化原理。在此基础上，我们系统总结了通过DNA调节金纳米酶活性的各种方法。随后，我们全面回顾了DNA-Au纳米酶在生物传感领域的最新研究趋势，特别关注食品安全、环境监测和疾病诊断等几个关键应用领域。在文章结论部分，我们不仅讨论了当前研究面临的主要挑战，还展望了未来潜在的研究方向。
