Gardner Madelin, Umer Amna, Hendricks Brian, Rudisill Toni Marie, Lefeber Candice, John Collin, Lilly Christa
West Virginia University.
J Appalach Health. 2024 Sep 1;6(1-2):21-37. doi: 10.13023/jah.0601.03. eCollection 2024.
Adequate prenatal care (PNC) is essential to the overall health of mother and infant. Teen age and advanced maternal age (AMA) are known risk factors for poor birth outcomes. However, less is known about whether these age groups are associated with inadequate PNC.
This study sought to determine the potential association between maternal age (in groups, aged 20-24, 25-29, 30-34, 35-39, and >40) and inadequate PNC (visits).
West Virginia (WV) Project WATCH population-level data (May 2018-March 2022) were used for this study. Multiple logistic regressions were performed on inadequate PNC (less than 10 visits) with maternal age categories, adjusting for covariates including maternal race, smoking status, substance use status, parity, education, geographic location, and insurance status.
Results demonstrate that both young and AMA pregnant people are more likely to receive inadequate PNC. PNC is particularly important for these groups, as they are at increased risk of poor birth outcomes. Just over 11% of pregnant people who gave birth in WV received inadequate PNC. Participants aged 19 years and younger (aOR:1.3, CI:(1.2,1.4)), 35-39 years (aOR:1.1, CI:(1.0,1.2)), and 40 years (aOR:1.3, CI:(1.1,1.5)) were at increased odds of inadequate PNC relative to 25-29-year-olds.
Results indicate that easily obtained demographics, such as a pregnant person's age, can be utilized by policymakers and clinical interventionists to improve birth outcomes by increasing PNC outreach for these groups.
充分的产前护理（PNC）对母婴的整体健康至关重要。青少年和高龄产妇（AMA）是已知的不良分娩结局的风险因素。然而，对于这些年龄组是否与产前护理不足相关，人们了解较少。
本研究旨在确定孕产妇年龄（分为20 - 24岁、25 - 29岁、30 - 34岁、35 - 39岁和40岁以上组）与产前护理不足（就诊次数）之间的潜在关联。
本研究使用了西弗吉尼亚州（WV）“关注项目”的人群水平数据（2018年5月 - 2022年3月）。对产前护理不足（少于10次就诊）与孕产妇年龄类别进行了多项逻辑回归分析，并对包括孕产妇种族、吸烟状况、物质使用状况、产次、教育程度、地理位置和保险状况等协变量进行了调整。
结果表明，年轻和高龄产妇接受不足产前护理的可能性更高。产前护理对这些群体尤为重要，因为他们不良分娩结局的风险增加。在WV分娩的孕妇中，略超过11%接受了不足的产前护理。与25 - 29岁的孕妇相比，19岁及以下（调整后比值比：1.3，置信区间：(1.2,1.4)）、35 - 39岁（调整后比值比：1.1，置信区间：(1.0,1.2)）和40岁（调整后比值比：1.3，置信区间：(1.1,1.5)）的参与者接受不足产前护理的几率增加。
结果表明，政策制定者和临床干预者可以利用容易获得的人口统计学信息，如孕妇年龄，通过加强对这些群体的产前护理宣传来改善分娩结局。
