Martín-Estal Irene, Fajardo-Ramírez Oscar R, Bermúdez De León Mario, Zertuche-Mery Carolina, Rodríguez-Mendoza Diego, Gómez-Álvarez Patricio, Galindo-Rangel Marcela, Leal López Andrea, Castilla-Cortázar Inma, Castorena-Torres Fabiola
Tecnologico de Monterrey, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, 64710, Mexico.
Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Noreste Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, 64720, Mexico.
F1000Res. 2024 Oct 31;10:1284. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.75116.1. eCollection 2021.
During pregnancy, the placenta is an extremely important organ as it secretes its own hormones, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), to ensure proper intrauterine fetal growth and development. Ethanol, an addictive and widely used drug, has numerous adverse effects during pregnancy, including fetal growth restriction (FGR). To date, the molecular mechanisms by which ethanol triggers its toxic effects during pregnancy, particularly in the placenta, are not entirely known. For this reason, a murine model of partial IGF-1 deficiency was used to determine ethanol alterations in placental morphology and aspartyl/asparaginyl β-hydroxylase (AAH) expression.
Wild type (WT, ) and heterozygous (HZ, ) female mice were given 10% ethanol in water during 14 days as an acclimation period and throughout pregnancy. WT and HZ female mice given water were used as controls. At gestational day 19, pregnant dams were sacrificed, placentas were collected and genotyped for subsequent studies.
IGF-1 deficiency and ethanol consumption during pregnancy altered placental morphology, and decreased placental efficiency and AAH expression in placentas from all genotypes. No differences were found in , , and mRNA expression in placentas from all groups.
IGF-1 deficiency and ethanol consumption throughout gestation altered placental development, suggesting the crucial role of IGF-1 in the establishment of an adequate intrauterine environment that allows fetal growth. However, more studies are needed to study the precise mechanism to stablish the relation between both insults.
在孕期，胎盘是一个极其重要的器官，因为它会分泌自身的激素——胰岛素样生长因子1（IGF-1），以确保胎儿在子宫内正常生长发育。乙醇是一种成瘾且广泛使用的药物，在孕期有诸多不良影响，包括胎儿生长受限（FGR）。迄今为止，乙醇在孕期引发其毒性作用的分子机制，尤其是在胎盘中的机制，尚不完全清楚。因此，利用部分IGF-1缺乏的小鼠模型来确定乙醇对胎盘形态和天冬氨酰/天冬酰胺基β-羟化酶（AAH）表达的影响。
野生型（WT， ）和杂合子（HZ， ）雌性小鼠在为期14天的适应期以及整个孕期饮用含10%乙醇的水。饮用纯水的WT和HZ雌性小鼠用作对照。在妊娠第19天，处死怀孕的母鼠，收集胎盘并进行基因分型以供后续研究。
孕期IGF-1缺乏和摄入乙醇改变了胎盘形态，降低了所有基因型胎盘的效率和AAH表达。所有组胎盘的 、 、 和 mRNA表达均未发现差异。
整个孕期IGF-1缺乏和摄入乙醇改变了胎盘发育，表明IGF-1在建立允许胎儿生长的适宜子宫内环境中起关键作用。然而，需要更多研究来探讨确定这两种损伤之间关系的精确机制。
