Hu Baocheng, Liu Tairan, Xia Bing, Dong Yanjun, Liu Ming, Zhou Junyan
College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing College of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
Beijing China-Agri Hong Ke Bio-Technology Co, Ltd., Beijing 100226, China.
Anim Nutr. 2024 Aug 28;19:325-338. doi: 10.1016/j.aninu.2024.05.010. eCollection 2024 Dec.
The purpose of the present study was to assess the nutritional value of yeast culture (YC) and to explore the effect of YC on growth performance and health of piglets fed low-protein diets. In Exp. 1, 12 growing barrows were allocated into control diet and YC diet treatments to determine the available energy of YC. Results showed that the digestible energy and metabolizable energy of YC are 12.12 and 11.66 MJ/kg dry matter (DM), respectively. In Exp. 2, 12 growing barrows were surgically equipped with a T-cannula near the distal ileum and were assigned to 2 dietary treatments (nitrogen-free diet and YC diet), and the amino acid digestibility of YC was determined. In Exp. 3, a total of 96 weaned piglets were randomly divided into 4 treatments, including low-protein basal diet (Basal), Basal + 0.5% YC (0.5%YC), Basal + 1.0% YC (1.0%YC), and Basal + 1.5% YC (1.5%YC). The results were as follows: YC supplementation linearly improved the weight gain and feed intake ratio ( < 0.001), linearly increased the activity of glutathione peroxidase on d 14 ( = 0.032) and linearly decreased the concentration of malondialdehyde on d 14 ( = 0.008) and d 32 ( = 0.004) in serum, and linearly decreased the concentration of total short-chain fatty acid on d 14 in feces ( = 0.045). Compared with other treatments, 1.5%YC group showed a greater abundance of various probiotics, such as , and . In Exp. 4, twelve growing barrows with an ileal T-cannula were randomly assigned to Control and 1.5%YC treatments to clarify the impact of YC supplementation on nitrogen balance and nutrient digestibility. Results showed that YC had no significant effect on nitrogen efficiency and nutrient digestibility, except for trend of reducing the total tract digestibility of organic matter ( = 0.067). In conclusion, the present study assessed the digestible and metabolizable energy values (12.12 and 11.66 MJ/kg DM, respectively) and standardized ileal digestibility of amino acid (from 43.93% to 82.65%) of YC in pig feed and demonstrated that moderate supplementation of YC (1.5% of diet) can effectively improve feed conversion efficiency, enhance antioxidant capacity, and promote a balanced gut microbiota in piglets.
本研究的目的是评估酵母培养物（YC）的营养价值，并探讨YC对饲喂低蛋白日粮仔猪生长性能和健康状况的影响。在实验1中，将12头生长育肥公猪分配到对照日粮和YC日粮处理组，以测定YC的可利用能量。结果表明，YC的消化能和代谢能分别为12.12和11.66兆焦/千克干物质（DM）。在实验2中，对12头生长育肥公猪在回肠末端附近进行手术安装T形插管，并将其分配到2种日粮处理组（无氮日粮和YC日粮），测定YC的氨基酸消化率。在实验3中，将96头断奶仔猪随机分为4个处理组，包括低蛋白基础日粮（基础组）、基础日粮+0.5%YC（0.5%YC组）、基础日粮+1.0%YC（1.0%YC组）和基础日粮+1.5%YC（1.5%YC组）。结果如下：添加YC线性改善了体重增加和采食量比（P<0.001），线性增加了第14天血清中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的活性（P=0.032），并线性降低了第14天（P=0.008）和第32天（P=0.004）血清中丙二醛的浓度，还线性降低了第14天粪便中总短链脂肪酸的浓度（P=0.045）。与其他处理组相比，1.5%YC组显示出各种益生菌的丰度更高，如双歧杆菌属、乳酸杆菌属和肠球菌属。在实验4中，将12头安装回肠T形插管的生长育肥公猪随机分配到对照组和1.5%YC处理组，以阐明添加YC对氮平衡和养分消化率的影响。结果表明，YC对氮效率和养分消化率无显著影响，但有降低有机物全肠道消化率的趋势（P=0.067）。总之，本研究评估了猪饲料中YC的消化能和代谢能值（分别为12.12和11.66兆焦/千克DM）以及氨基酸的标准回肠消化率（从43.93%到82.65%），并证明适度添加YC（日粮的1.5%）可有效提高仔猪的饲料转化效率，增强抗氧化能力，并促进肠道微生物群的平衡。
