Derbyshire Daniel, Medina-Lara Antonieta, Amies-Cull Ben, Chang Michael, Cummins Steven, Hassan Suzan, Keeble Matthew, Liu Bochu, Mytton Oliver, Rahilly John, Savory Bea, Thompson Claire, White Martin, Adams Jean, Burgoine Thomas, Smith Richard
Public Health Economics Group, Department of Public Health and Sports Science, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, UK.
Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Heliyon. 2024 Oct 5;10(20):e38798. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e38798. eCollection 2024 Oct 30.
Local and national policymakers are seeking innovative solutions to create healthier food environments around the world. Between 2009 and 2017, 35 local authorities across England (UK) adopted planning guidance designed to limit the proliferation of hot food takeaways near schools. Whilst these policies are intended to improve population health, they are also likely to have economic impacts. Often a decision to introduce such policies comes down to consideration of whether the short-term economic imperatives of allowing new takeaway outlets to open outweighs the potential long-term public health implications and associated economic consequences. These potential negative and positive economic impacts have not previously been clearly described and are summarised here. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the potential economic impacts of takeaway management zones. In particular, we present a Causal Loop Diagram (CLD) that outlines the possible economic impacts of takeaway management zones based on researcher knowledge of the interventions and the industry. Potential negative impacts fall across sectors and may include a loss of employment opportunities and reductions in local and national tax receipts, and may impact the economic vitality of local communities. In the longer term, there is the potential for positive impacts such as reductions in healthcare resource utilisation, social care expenditure and sickness-related absence from work. Part of a robust case would a better economic understanding, that would enable local authorities to improve understanding of the trade-offs associated with the policy, such as short-versus long-term, and business-related versus society-related health benefits and costs.
地方和国家政策制定者正在寻求创新解决方案，以在全球营造更健康的食品环境。2009年至2017年间，英国英格兰的35个地方当局采用了规划指南，旨在限制学校附近热食外卖店的扩散。虽然这些政策旨在改善民众健康，但它们也可能产生经济影响。通常，引入此类政策的决定归结为考虑允许新的外卖店开业的短期经济必要性是否超过潜在的长期公共卫生影响及相关经济后果。这些潜在的负面和正面经济影响此前尚未得到清晰描述，在此予以总结。本文旨在概述外卖管理区的潜在经济影响。特别是，我们展示了一个因果循环图（CLD），该图基于研究人员对干预措施和该行业的了解，概述了外卖管理区可能产生的经济影响。潜在的负面影响涉及多个部门，可能包括就业机会的丧失以及地方和国家税收的减少，并可能影响当地社区的经济活力。从长远来看，有可能产生积极影响，如医疗资源利用率的降低、社会护理支出的减少以及与疾病相关的工作缺勤的减少。有力论据的一部分将是更好地理解经济情况，这将使地方当局能够更好地理解与该政策相关的权衡取舍，比如短期与长期的权衡，以及与商业相关和与社会相关的健康益处与成本。
