Yang Yongqiang, Sun Xia, Yang Yucheng, Qie Yingchun
Stomatology Department, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang Medical University, No. 5168, Jiangjunshan Road, Qingzhou, Shandong Province, 262500, PR China.
Stomatology Department, Zibo First Hospital, Zibo, Shandong Province, 255200, PR China.
Regen Ther. 2024 Nov 20;26:1159-1167. doi: 10.1016/j.reth.2024.11.001. eCollection 2024 Jun.
Periodontitis and diabetes mellitus are two prevalent chronic diseases that have been recognized to exhibit a bidirectional relationship. Individuals with diabetes are more susceptible to periodontitis, and conversely, periodontitis can exacerbate glycemic control in diabetic patients. The underlying mechanisms of this interrelationship involve complex pathways, including inflammatory responses, altered immune functions, and microbial dysbiosis. The mechanistic insights into the interrelationship between periodontitis and diabetes mellitus revolve around the role of inflammation as a common link between the two diseases. Inflammatory mediators such as cytokines, chemokines, and prostaglandins play a crucial role in the pathogenesis and progression of the diseases. The dysregulation of the immune response in diabetes can exacerbate the inflammatory response in periodontitis, leading to increased tissue destruction and bone resorption. The chronic inflammation in periodontitis can contribute to insulin resistance and impaired glycemic control in diabetic patients. Future directions in research aim to further elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the interrelationship between periodontitis and diabetes mellitus. Modulating the inflammatory response, restoring microbial balance, and improving glycemic control hold promise in managing both conditions simultaneously. Herein, we will provide an overview of the interrelationship of periodontitis and diabetes mellitus, and retrospect the underlying mechanisms, which may inspire investigators with further research directions.
牙周炎和糖尿病是两种常见的慢性疾病，它们之间存在双向关系。糖尿病患者更容易患牙周炎，反之，牙周炎会使糖尿病患者的血糖控制恶化。这种相互关系的潜在机制涉及复杂的途径，包括炎症反应、免疫功能改变和微生物群落失调。对牙周炎和糖尿病之间相互关系的机制性见解围绕炎症作为这两种疾病之间的共同联系展开。细胞因子、趋化因子和前列腺素等炎症介质在疾病的发病机制和进展中起关键作用。糖尿病中免疫反应的失调会加剧牙周炎的炎症反应，导致组织破坏和骨吸收增加。牙周炎中的慢性炎症会导致糖尿病患者胰岛素抵抗和血糖控制受损。未来的研究方向旨在进一步阐明牙周炎和糖尿病之间相互关系的分子机制。调节炎症反应、恢复微生物平衡和改善血糖控制有望同时管理这两种疾病。在此，我们将概述牙周炎和糖尿病的相互关系，并回顾其潜在机制，这可能为研究人员提供进一步的研究方向。
