癌症青少年和青年的性格优势模式、社会支持与心理困扰：一项多中心横断面研究。

Character strength patterns, social support and psychological distress in adolescents and young adults with cancer: A multicenter cross-sectional study.

作者信息

Qin Ning, Duan Yinglong, Zhou Yi, Li Yuxuan, Luo Juan, Kang Yue, Zhou Jian, Xie Jianfei, Cheng Andy S K

机构信息

Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.

Xiang Ya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, China.

出版信息

Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs. 2024 Oct 20;11(12):100609. doi: 10.1016/j.apjon.2024.100609. eCollection 2024 Dec.

DOI:10.1016/j.apjon.2024.100609

PMID:39641005

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11617372/

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

Adolescents and young adults with cancer (AYAC) experience severe psychological distress worldwide. Social support was associated with reduced distress among cancer patients, but the role of character strength patterns in this association is unexplored. This study explored whether character strength patterns influence the association between social support and psychological distress in AYAC.

METHODS

A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted at four hospitals in Changsha, China. Participants completed questionnaires assessing sociodemographic, distress, social support, and character strengths. Latent profile analysis determined character strength patterns, and multiple linear regression models examined the association. Interaction terms tested moderation effects, and adjusted models examined confounding, all stratified by gender.

RESULTS

Among 728 participants, three character strength patterns emerged: low (LCS), moderate (MCS), and high (HCS). Across all patterns, higher social support was significantly associated with lower distress in AYAC (female: = -0.124, 95% CI = -0.051 to -0.015; male: = -0.180, 95% CI = -0.080 to -0.030; < 0.001). AYAC with MCS and HCS experienced significantly less distress than those with LCS, across both genders. However, the association between character strength patterns and lower distress was stronger in males (MCS: = -0.384, 95% CI = -1.898 to -1.033; HCS: = -0.777, 95% CI = -3.420 to -2.495; < 0.001) compared to females (MCS: = -0.284, 95% CI = -1.215 to -0.700; HCS: = -0.593, 95% CI = -2.776 to -2.102; < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Character strength patterns didn't moderate or confound the association between social support and psychological distress, but had stronger protective effects against psychological distress than social support. Higher character strength patterns showed a stronger association with lower psychological distress, especially for males.

摘要

目的

全球范围内，患有癌症的青少年和青年（AYAC）经历着严重的心理困扰。社会支持与癌症患者困扰程度的降低相关，但性格优势模式在这种关联中的作用尚未得到探索。本研究探讨了性格优势模式是否会影响AYAC中社会支持与心理困扰之间的关联。

方法

在中国长沙的四家医院进行了一项多中心横断面研究。参与者完成了评估社会人口统计学、困扰程度、社会支持和性格优势的问卷。潜在剖面分析确定了性格优势模式，多元线性回归模型检验了这种关联。交互项检验了调节效应，调整后的模型检验了混杂因素，所有分析均按性别分层。

结果

在728名参与者中，出现了三种性格优势模式：低（LCS）、中（MCS）和高（HCS）。在所有模式中，较高的社会支持与AYAC较低的困扰程度显著相关（女性：β = -0.124，95%CI = -0.051至-0.015；男性：β = -0.180，95%CI = -0.080至-0.030；P < 0.001）。无论男女，具有MCS和HCS的AYAC的困扰程度均显著低于具有LCS的AYAC。然而，与女性相比（MCS：β = -0.284，95%CI = -1.215至-0.700；HCS：β = -0.593，95%CI = -2.776至-2.102；P < 0.001），男性中性格优势模式与较低困扰程度之间的关联更强（MCS：β = -0.384，95%CI = -1.898至-1.033；HCS：β = -0.777，95%CI = -3.420至-2.495；P < 0.001）。