Zamljen Aleksandra, Likozar Blaž
Department for Catalysis and Chemical Reaction Engineering, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
ACS Sustain Chem Eng. 2024 Nov 19;12(48):17417-17436. doi: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.4c06100. eCollection 2024 Dec 2.
As the world's technological development shifts toward a sustainable energy future by harnessing renewable energy sources, ammonia is gaining recognition as a complementary green vector to hydrogen. This energy-dense carbon-neutral fuel is capable of overcoming hydrogen's limitations in terms of storage, distribution, and infrastructure deployment. The biggest challenge to the global use of ammonia as an energy storage medium remains more efficient, readily deployable production of ammonia from abundant, yet intermittent, sources. Green decentralized ammonia production, which refers to the small-scale, localized ammonia production utilizing environmentally sustainable methods, offers a promising approach to overcoming the challenges of traditional ammonia synthesis. The process aims to minimize carbon emissions, increase energy efficiency, and improve accessibility to ammonia in remote regions. Ammonia separation using sorbent materials holds significant potential in green ammonia production, providing a viable alternative to conventional condensation-based separation methods, with particular benefits in improving energy efficiency. This perspective summarizes recent developments in the field of ammonia separation, focusing on newly developed sorbents for the integrated ammonia synthesis-separation process, particularly metal halides that could potentially replace a conventional ammonia condenser. The challenges and potential solutions are also discussed. Moreover, this perspective outlines the mechanism of ammonia absorption into metal halides with its kinetics and thermodynamics. The use of computational methods for the development of new materials is also described, thereby laying the foundations of green ammonia technology.
随着世界技术发展通过利用可再生能源转向可持续能源未来，氨作为氢的补充性绿色载体正获得认可。这种能量密集型的碳中和燃料能够克服氢在储存、运输和基础设施部署方面的局限性。全球将氨用作储能介质的最大挑战仍然是如何更高效、易于部署地从丰富但间歇性的资源中生产氨。绿色分散式氨生产是指利用环境可持续方法进行小规模、本地化的氨生产，为克服传统氨合成的挑战提供了一种有前景的方法。该过程旨在将碳排放降至最低，提高能源效率，并改善偏远地区获取氨的便利性。使用吸附剂材料进行氨分离在绿色氨生产中具有巨大潜力，为传统基于冷凝的分离方法提供了可行的替代方案，尤其在提高能源效率方面具有优势。本观点总结了氨分离领域的最新进展，重点关注用于氨合成 - 分离集成过程的新开发吸附剂，特别是可能替代传统氨冷凝器的金属卤化物。还讨论了挑战和潜在解决方案。此外，本观点概述了氨吸收到金属卤化物中的机理及其动力学和热力学。还描述了使用计算方法开发新材料的情况，从而为绿色氨技术奠定基础。
