McDonough Elizabeth, Barroso Margarida, Ginty Fiona, Corr David T
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 Eighth Street, Troy, NY 12180, United States of America.
Center for Modeling, Simulation, and Imaging in Medicine, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 Eighth Street, Troy, NY 12180, United States of America.
Biofabrication. 2024 Dec 19;17(1). doi: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad9b50.
Reduced therapy response in breast cancer has been correlated with heterogeneity in biomarker composition, expression level, and spatial distribution of cancer cells within a patient tumor. Thus, there is a need for models to replicate cell-cell, cell-stromal, and cell-microenvironment interactions during cancer progression. Traditional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture models are convenient but cannot adequately represent tumor microenvironment histological organization,3D spatial/cellular context, and physiological relevance. Recently, three-dimensional (3D)tumor models have been shown to provide an improved platform for incorporating compositional and spatial heterogeneity and to better mimic the biological characteristics of patient tumors to assess drug response. Advances in 3D bioprinting have allowed the creation of more complex models with improved physiologic representation while controlling for reproducibility and accuracy. This review aims to summarize the advantages and challenges of current 3Dmodels for evaluating therapy response in breast cancer, with a particular emphasis on 3D bioprinting, and addresses several key issues for future model development as well as their application to other cancers.
乳腺癌治疗反应降低与患者肿瘤内生物标志物组成、表达水平及癌细胞空间分布的异质性相关。因此，需要模型来复制癌症进展过程中的细胞 - 细胞、细胞 - 基质和细胞 - 微环境相互作用。传统的二维（2D）细胞培养模型虽便捷，但无法充分体现肿瘤微环境的组织学结构、三维空间/细胞背景及生理相关性。近来，三维（3D）肿瘤模型已被证明能为纳入成分和空间异质性提供更好的平台，并能更好地模拟患者肿瘤的生物学特征以评估药物反应。3D生物打印技术的进步使得创建更复杂的模型成为可能，这些模型在控制可重复性和准确性的同时，能更好地呈现生理特征。本综述旨在总结当前用于评估乳腺癌治疗反应的3D模型的优势与挑战，尤其侧重于3D生物打印，并探讨未来模型开发的几个关键问题及其在其他癌症中的应用。
