Keller A Scott, Hurt Ryan T, Schroeder Darrell R, DeJesus Ramona S, Ganesh Ravindra, Fokken Shawn C, Mundi Manpreet S, Bonnes Sara L, Lawson Donna K, Njeru Jane W, Vincent Ann, Ebbert Jon O, Ghosh Karthik, Abu Lebdeh Haitham S, Hensrud Donald D, Nanda Sanjeev, Croghan Ivana T
Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
J Prim Care Community Health. 2024 Jan-Dec;15:21501319241303608. doi: 10.1177/21501319241303608.
To identify patient characteristics, health concerns, and barriers to care based on overweight or obesity.
A 50-question anonymous survey was administered to patients. Data were compared by body mass index (BMI).
Among 3976 distributed surveys, 899 were returned and 682 were analyzed. Most respondents were women (60%), White (94%), and married/partnered (65%) and had some college education (80%). Younger and unmarried persons had higher BMI ( < .001). Concern for quality of life ( < .001) and importance of lifestyle changes ( = .006) increased with BMI, but confidence in making changes decreased as BMI increased ( < .001). Perceived good health decreased with increasing BMI ( < .001), whereas depression and other comorbid conditions increased. Self-esteem decreased and stigma increased with higher BMI (both < .001). Weight discussions with clinicians ( < .001) and belief that clinicians should be involved in weight management ( = .002) increased with BMI, yet self-perception of being judged by clinicians also increased ( < .001). As BMI increased, delays in seeking health care increased ( < .001).
This survey study highlights perceived health concerns and barriers to care among persons with overweight and obesity. With higher BMI, self-esteem decreased, and stigma, self-perception of poor health, perception of being judged by clinicians, and delay in seeking medical care increased.
根据超重或肥胖情况确定患者特征、健康问题及护理障碍。
对患者进行了一项包含50个问题的匿名调查。数据按体重指数（BMI）进行比较。
在分发的3976份调查问卷中，回收了899份，分析了682份。大多数受访者为女性（60%）、白人（94%）、已婚/有伴侣（65%），且接受过一些大学教育（80%）。年龄较小和未婚者的BMI较高（P<0.001）。对生活质量的关注（P<0.001）和生活方式改变的重要性（P=0.006）随BMI增加而增加，但做出改变的信心随BMI增加而降低（P<0.001）。随着BMI升高，自我感觉良好的程度下降（P<0.001），而抑郁和其他合并症增加。随着BMI升高，自尊下降，耻辱感增加（均P<0.001）。与临床医生进行体重讨论（P<0.001）以及认为临床医生应参与体重管理的信念（P=0.002）随BMI增加而增加，但被临床医生评判的自我认知也增加（P<0.001）。随着BMI升高，寻求医疗保健的延迟增加（P<0.001）。
这项调查研究突出了超重和肥胖者感知到的健康问题及护理障碍。随着BMI升高，自尊下降，耻辱感、对健康状况不佳的自我认知、被临床医生评判的感觉以及寻求医疗护理的延迟增加。
