Shi Qingde, Nie Jinlei, Tong Tomas K, Zhang Haifeng, Kong Zhaowei
Faculty of Health Sciences and Sports, Macao Polytechnic University, Macao S.A.R, China.
Dr. Stephen Hui Research Centre for Physical Recreation and Wellness, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong S.A.R, China.
J Sports Sci Med. 2024 Dec 1;23(4):767-777. doi: 10.52082/jssm.2024.767. eCollection 2024 Dec.
Repeated-sprint training in hypoxia (RSH) has been shown to boost team-sport players' repeated-sprint ability (RSA). Whether players' global inspiratory muscle (IM) and core muscle (CM) functions would be altered concomitantly with RSH was not reported. This study was designed to compare the concomitant alternations in players' RSA and their IM and CM functions during a team-sport-specific intermittent exercise protocol (IEP) before and after the intervention. Twenty players were assigned into either RSH or control (CON) groups (n = 10 for each). RSH players participated in 5-wk RSH (15 sessions, 3 sets 5x5-s all-out treadmill sprints interspersed with 25-s passive recovery under the hypoxia of 13.5%) while CON players had no corresponding training. The changes in RSA between pre- and post-intervention, and the alterations in IM and CM functions that were revealed by maximum inspiratory mouth pressure (PI) and sport-specific endurance plank test (SEPT) performance, respectively, between pre- and post-IEP and across pre- and post-intervention in the RSH group were compared with that of CON. Following the 5-wk RSH, players' RSA improved significantly (>6%, < 0.05) while PI and SEPT performance did not alter ( > 0.05). Nevertheless, PI which declined markedly in pre-intervention IEP (pre-IEP 155.4 ± 22.7 post-IEP 140.6 ± 22.8 cmHO, < 0.05) was alleviated significantly in post-intervention IEP (152.2 ± 27.4 152.6 ± 31.8, > 0.05), while the concomitant declined SEPT performance in the pre-intervention IEP (155 ± 24.6 98.1 ± 21.7 s, < 0.05) was retained post intervention (170.7 ± 38.1 100.5 ± 33.4, < 0.05). For the CON, all variables were unchanged ( > 0.05). Such findings suggest that 5-wk RSH could enhance players' RSA but not global IM and CM functions. Nonetheless, the decline in PI in pre-intervention IEP alleviated significantly post intervention led to a postulation that players' IM endurance, rather than strength, might improve with the 5-wk RSH regimen, while the possible improved IM endurance did not advance the fatigue resistance of CM.
低氧环境下的重复冲刺训练（RSH）已被证明可提高团队运动运动员的重复冲刺能力（RSA）。此前尚未有研究报道运动员的整体吸气肌（IM）和核心肌（CM）功能是否会随RSH而发生相应改变。本研究旨在比较干预前后，在一项特定于团队运动的间歇性运动方案（IEP）中，运动员的RSA及其IM和CM功能的相应变化。20名运动员被分为RSH组或对照组（CON）（每组n = 10）。RSH组运动员参与了为期5周的RSH训练（共15次训练，3组，每组进行5次持续5秒的全力跑步机冲刺，组间穿插25秒的被动恢复，训练在13.5%的低氧环境下进行），而CON组运动员未进行相应训练。比较了RSH组干预前后RSA的变化，以及在IEP前后和干预前后，分别通过最大吸气口腔压力（PI）和特定运动耐力平板测试（SEPT）表现所揭示的IM和CM功能的变化，并与CON组进行对比。经过5周的RSH训练后，运动员的RSA显著提高（>6%，P<0.05），而PI和SEPT表现未发生改变（P>0.05）。然而，干预前IEP中显著下降的PI（干预前IEP时为155.4±22.7，干预后IEP时为140.6±22.8 cmH₂O，P<0.05）在干预后IEP中得到了显著缓解（152.2±27.4对152.6±31.8，P>0.05），而干预前IEP中同时下降的SEPT表现（155±24.6对98.1±21.7秒，P<0.05）在干预后仍得以保留（170.7±38.1对100.5±33.4，P<0.05）。对于CON组，所有变量均未发生变化（P>0.05）。这些研究结果表明，为期5周的RSH训练可增强运动员的RSA，但不会改变整体IM和CM功能。尽管如此，干预前IEP中PI的下降在干预后得到了显著缓解，这表明为期5周的RSH训练方案可能会提高运动员的IM耐力而非力量，而IM耐力的可能提高并未提升CM的抗疲劳能力。
