Guevara Alvarez Gloria, Kapur Reet, Nguyen Trang, Nguyen Nam, Armstrong-Hough Mari, Parekh Niyati, Shelley Donna
School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
Institute of Social and Medical Studies, Ha Noi, Vietnam.
Tob Use Insights. 2024 Dec 6;17:1179173X241297804. doi: 10.1177/1179173X241297804. eCollection 2024.
Smoking causes disparate health outcomes among people living with HIV, who also experience higher rates of food insecurity compared to HIV-negative adults.
Aiming to characterize household food insecurity among HIV + smokers in Vietnam, we surveyed 182 smokers undergoing HIV-care at 5 clinics in Hanoi, Vietnam.
We estimated the proportion of food insecurity among our sample using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale and analyzed covariates associated with food insecurity, like income, and moderators of smoking, like drug use.
Food insecurity was reported by 13.3% of our sample. The mean (SD) of years living with HIV was 12.8 (6.45). Moderate-to-severe food insecurity was associated with tobacco dependence [RR = 1.68 (1.27, 2.22); = .05] and readiness-to-quit smoking [RR = .45 (.24, .86); = .002].
Our findings suggest people living with HIV who smoke are vulnerable to food insecurity and face very high or high tobacco addiction. We also find evidence that food insecurity is linked to several other conditions that alone or together are barriers to quitting. Considering these findings and the increasing interest in HIV and co-existing chronic conditions like smoking and food insecurity, further research is needed to understand how food insecurity and tobacco use intersect and impact people living with HIV who experience these concomitant conditions.
吸烟在感染艾滋病毒的人群中会导致不同的健康后果，与未感染艾滋病毒的成年人相比，他们还面临更高的粮食不安全率。
为了描述越南艾滋病毒阳性吸烟者家庭粮食不安全的特征，我们对越南河内5家诊所接受艾滋病毒治疗的182名吸烟者进行了调查。
我们使用家庭粮食不安全获取量表估计了样本中粮食不安全的比例，并分析了与粮食不安全相关的协变量，如收入，以及吸烟的调节因素，如药物使用情况。
13.3%的样本报告存在粮食不安全。感染艾滋病毒的平均（标准差）年限为12.8年（6.45年）。中度至重度粮食不安全与烟草依赖[相对风险 = 1.68（1.27，2.22）；P = 0.05]和戒烟意愿[相对风险 = 0.45（0.24，0.86）；P = 0.002]相关。
我们的研究结果表明，感染艾滋病毒且吸烟的人易受粮食不安全影响，并且面临非常高或高程度的烟草成瘾。我们还发现有证据表明，粮食不安全与其他几种单独或共同构成戒烟障碍的状况有关。考虑到这些发现以及对艾滋病毒与吸烟和粮食不安全等并存慢性病日益增长的关注，需要进一步研究以了解粮食不安全和烟草使用如何相互影响并对同时患有这些并存疾病的艾滋病毒感染者产生影响。
