Yates Amy N, Cavazos Jacqueline G, Jeckeln Géraldine, Hu Ying, Noyes Eilidh, Hahn Carina A, O'Toole Alice J, Phillips P Jonathon
National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg Maryland USA.
University of California, Irvine Irvine California USA.
Appl Cogn Psychol. 2024 Nov-Dec;38(6):e70002. doi: 10.1002/acp.70002. Epub 2024 Dec 4.
Forensic facial professionals have been shown in previous studies to identify people from frontal face images more accurately than untrained participants when given 30 s per face pair. We tested whether this superiority holds in more challenging conditions. Two groups of forensic facial professionals (examiners, reviewers) and untrained participants were tested in three lab-based tasks: other-race face identification, disguised face identification, and face memory. For other-race face identification, on same-race faces, examiners were superior to controls; on different-race identification, examiners and controls performed comparably. Examiners were superior to controls for impersonation disguise, but not consistently superior for evasion disguise. Examiners' performance on the Cambridge Face Memory Test (CFMT+) was marginally better than reviewers and controls. We conclude that under laboratory-style conditions, professional examiners' identification superiority does not generalize completely to other-race and disguised faces. Future work should administer other-race and disguise face identification tests that allow forensic professionals to follow methods and procedures they typically use in casework.
以往研究表明，在每对人脸图像展示30秒的情况下，法医面部鉴定专家比未经训练的参与者能更准确地从正面人脸图像中识别出人物。我们测试了在更具挑战性的条件下这种优势是否依然存在。两组法医面部鉴定专家（鉴定人员、审核人员）和未经训练的参与者参与了三项基于实验室的任务测试：识别其他种族的人脸、识别伪装的人脸以及面部记忆。在识别同种族人脸时，鉴定人员在识别其他种族人脸方面优于对照组；在识别不同种族人脸时，鉴定人员和对照组表现相当。在模拟伪装方面，鉴定人员优于对照组，但在躲避伪装方面并非始终表现更优。鉴定人员在剑桥面部记忆测试（CFMT+）中的表现略优于审核人员和对照组。我们得出结论，在实验室风格的条件下，专业鉴定人员的识别优势并不能完全推广到其他种族和伪装的人脸。未来的工作应该进行其他种族和伪装人脸识别测试，以便法医专业人员能够采用他们在实际案件工作中通常使用的方法和程序。
