Kim Ji-Myung, Bae Yun-Jung
Department of Food and Nutritional Science, Shinhan University, Uijeongbu 11644, Korea.
Major in Food and Nutrition, Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Korea National University of Transportation, Jeungpyeong 27909, Korea.
Nutr Res Pract. 2024 Dec;18(6):857-871. doi: 10.4162/nrp.2024.18.6.857. Epub 2024 Nov 18.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Sleep duration and diet quality are reportedly associated with the risk of diabetes. This study aimed to examine the risk of diabetes according to sleep duration and diet quality in middle-aged Koreans.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: Using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2019-2020, raw data from 2,934 participants aged 40-64 yrs (1,090 men and 1,844 women) who were not diagnosed with type 2 diabetes were analyzed. With a sleep duration of 7-7.9 h per night as the referent category, diet quality was assessed using the Korean Healthy Eating Index (KHEI), which comprises adequacy, moderation, and energy balance.
The study results showed that individuals with a short sleep duration had significantly higher blood glucose ( = 0.034) and HbA1c levels ( < 0.001) than those had by individuals with a sleep duration of 7-7.9 h. Within the group with a sleep duration of 7-7.9 h, the lowest quintile of the KHEI score had a significantly higher risk of prediabetes than that had by the highest quintile of the KHEI score (Model 1: odds ratio [OR], 1.775; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.072-2.939; < 0.05 and Model 2: OR, 1.731; 95% CI, 1.040-2.882; < 0.05).
Our findings suggest that achieving the sleep duration of 7-7.9 h and eating good diet are associated with the lowest risk of prediabetes. We recommend that the results of this study be used to educate adults aged 40-64 yrs on diet and lifestyle habits to prevent diabetes.
背景/目的：据报道，睡眠时间和饮食质量与糖尿病风险相关。本研究旨在调查中年韩国人睡眠时间和饮食质量与糖尿病风险之间的关系。
对象/方法：使用2019 - 2020年韩国国民健康与营养检查调查数据，对2934名年龄在40 - 64岁（1090名男性和1844名女性）未被诊断为2型糖尿病的参与者的原始数据进行分析。以每晚睡眠时间7 - 7.9小时作为参照类别，使用韩国健康饮食指数（KHEI）评估饮食质量，该指数包括充足性、适度性和能量平衡。
研究结果显示，睡眠时间短的个体血糖水平（P = 0.034）和糖化血红蛋白水平（P < 0.001）显著高于睡眠时间为7 - 7.9小时的个体。在睡眠时间为7 - 7.9小时的组中，KHEI得分最低的五分位数患糖尿病前期的风险显著高于KHEI得分最高的五分位数（模型1：比值比[OR]，1.775；95%置信区间[CI]，1.072 - 2.939；P < 0.05；模型2：OR，1.731；95% CI，1.040 - 2.882；P < 0.05）。
我们的研究结果表明，睡眠时间达到7 - 7.9小时且饮食良好与患糖尿病前期的风险最低相关。我们建议将本研究结果用于对40 - 64岁成年人进行饮食和生活习惯教育，以预防糖尿病。
