Smith Reid, Karamitros Georgios, Furnas Heather J, Goulas Sofoklis
Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, R. Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, 110 S Paca St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2025 Apr;49(7):2111-2120. doi: 10.1007/s00266-024-04522-z. Epub 2024 Dec 9.
For the young plastic surgeon, the quantity of first-author peer-reviewed publications plays a prominent role in job offers and promotions. Women surgeons carry a disproportionate share of family responsibilities, contributing to their lower representation in positions of leader- ship and influence. Policies protecting reproductive rights and mandating paid family leave (PFL) boost women's participation and productivity in the workplace. However, these policies vary by U.S., state and territory.
Web-scraped publication data from all PubMed-indexed plastic surgery journals from 2010 to 2022 were evaluated by first-author gender and affiliated state reproductive rights policy and PFL. Female first authors were further compared with men by publication output (1 article; ≥ 2; ≥ 5) by gender and by affiliated state policies.
Protective reproductive rights policies were associated with greater representation of female first authors (3.3 percentage points; p value = 0.003). Protective reproductive rights policies and PFL were associated with a decreased publication gender gap (0.13 articles, p value < 0.001, and 0.18 articles, p value < 0.001, respectively). Protective reproductive policies and PFL had an even greater correlation with higher publication output among female first authors.
Protective reproductive rights and mandatory PFL are not only correlated with women's representation among early-career researchers but with a reduction in the publication gender gap. Legislation and policies aimed at supporting women's family responsibilities are associated with higher research productivity among women and likely play a significant role in attracting more women to higher academic ranks and improving gender equity in professional success in plastic surgery.
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对于年轻的整形外科医生而言，第一作者经同行评审的出版物数量在工作机会和晋升中起着重要作用。女外科医生承担着不成比例的家庭责任，这导致她们在领导和有影响力的职位上的代表性较低。保护生殖权利和强制实行带薪产假（PFL）的政策提高了女性在职场中的参与度和生产力。然而，这些政策在美国各州和领地有所不同。
通过第一作者性别以及所属州的生殖权利政策和带薪产假，对2010年至2022年所有被PubMed索引的整形外科学期刊的网络抓取出版数据进行评估。按性别和所属州政策，进一步比较发表量（1篇文章；≥2篇；≥5篇）的女性第一作者和男性第一作者。
保护生殖权利政策与女性第一作者的更高代表性相关（3.3个百分点；p值=0.003）。保护生殖权利政策和带薪产假与发表的性别差距减小相关（分别为0.13篇文章，p值<0.001，以及0.18篇文章，p值<0.001）。保护性生殖政策和带薪产假与女性第一作者更高的发表量具有更强的相关性。
保护生殖权利和强制实行带薪产假不仅与女性在早期职业研究人员中的代表性相关，而且与发表的性别差距缩小相关。旨在支持女性家庭责任的立法和政策与女性更高的研究生产力相关，并且可能在吸引更多女性担任更高学术职位以及改善整形外科职业成功中的性别平等方面发挥重要作用。
证据水平IV：本期刊要求作者为每篇文章指定证据水平。有关这些循证医学评级的完整描述，请参阅目录或作者在线指南www.springer.com/00266 。
