Hoang Uyen, Tanner Braden, Mahmoud-Elhaj Dana, Holt Jenna, Asif Muhammad, Feltz Adam
Department of Psychology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA.
Heliyon. 2024 Nov 22;10(23):e40624. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40624. eCollection 2024 Dec 15.
Trust is a well-studied attitude with many different conceptualizations, scales, and measurement techniques. However, the diversity of measurement and conceptualizations of trust can make comparisons between studies and instrument selection difficult. To help address these difficulties, we conducted 4 studies where we directly compared commonly used domain general trust measures. Study 1 ( = 155) compared 6 commonly used measures of trust (with a total of 10 factors reported in those measures) and submitted items in those scales to an exploratory factor analysis. We were able to identify 6 distinct, interpretable factors in those trust measures. Studies 2-4 ( 234, 166, 355) reduced the 6 factors to 4 that were consistent with the theoretical literature: Confidence in others, belief in others' reliability, belief in others' honesty, and beliefs about others' trustworthiness. Study 4 also suggested that the 4 trust factors were largely unrelated to sex, political orientation, and disgust sensitivity (discriminant validity). The 4 trust factors were associated with other, related factors such as the personality trait agreeableness (convergent validity). Some of the trust factors predicted decisions about acceptance of water recycling (predictive validity) and predicted that acceptance beyond what was predicted by disgust sensitivity, sex, and political orientation (incremental validity).
信任是一种经过充分研究的态度，有许多不同的概念化方式、量表和测量技术。然而，信任测量和概念化的多样性会使研究之间的比较以及工具选择变得困难。为了帮助解决这些困难，我们进行了4项研究，在这些研究中我们直接比较了常用的领域通用信任测量方法。研究1（n = 155）比较了6种常用的信任测量方法（这些测量方法总共报告了10个因素），并对这些量表中的项目进行了探索性因素分析。我们能够在这些信任测量方法中识别出6个不同的、可解释的因素。研究2 - 4（n分别为234、166、355）将这6个因素缩减为4个与理论文献一致的因素：对他人的信心、对他人可靠性的信念、对他人诚实的信念以及对他人可信赖性的信念。研究4还表明，这4个信任因素在很大程度上与性别、政治取向和厌恶敏感性无关（区分效度）。这4个信任因素与其他相关因素有关，如人格特质宜人性（聚合效度）。一些信任因素预测了对水回收利用的接受决策（预测效度），并且预测的接受程度超出了厌恶敏感性、性别和政治取向所预测的范围（增量效度）。
