Shi Chongyan, Qiu Tian, Zhang Yangyang, Ma Yuchao, Li Xiaorui, Dong Shuqi, Yuan Xiangyang, Song Xi'e
Key Laboratory of Crop Chemical Regulation and Chemical Weed Control, College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2024 Nov 25;15:1477756. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1477756. eCollection 2024.
Crop rotation can affect crop productivity and soil characteristics; however, the impact of preceding crops on the yield and quality of foxtail millet and the relationship between these two factors have not been well characterised. To further investigate the effects of preceding crops on foxtail millet, this study cultivated maize, mung beans, soybeans, potatoes, and proso millet as the preceding crops and rotated them with Zhangzagu10 foxtail millet. A randomised complete block design was employed for the study, and soil and millet samples were collected after harvest. The performance of Zhangzagu10 foxtail millet grown with five different preceding crops was explored by measuring yield and quality indicators and comprehensively analysing various quality traits and their interrelationships. The physicochemical and nutritional characteristics of millet grains were significantly influenced by the preceding crop. The yield of Zhangzagu10 cultivated after mung bean was significantly higher (8277.47 kg/hm) than that of millet cultivated after the other crops. Additionally, the colour characteristics (a*, b*, and △E values) were superior, with the rice exhibiting the strongest yellow colour. Foxtail millet preceded by soybean showed a significantly higher thousand-grain weight, indicating well-filled grains. Furthermore, this treatment had rich contents of carotenoids and polyphenols at 34.79 mg/kg and 76.27 mg/100 g, respectively, and significantly higher levels of minerals such as V, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Se, and Sn compared to the other treatments. Foxtail millet following mung bean and soybean demonstrated excellent grain quality, featuring high breakage values and gelatinisation, along with low cooking values and gelatinisation temperatures and moderately low setback values. Zhangzagu10 cultivated after potato exhibited a polyphenol content of 67.13 mg/100 g, showcasing strong antioxidant effects. In contrast, proso millet preceded by foxtail millet had relatively lower content levels across various substances, resulting in an overall subpar performance. In summary, selecting appropriate preceding crops can significantly enhance both the yield and quality of Zhangzagu millet. Moreover, soybeans, potatoes, and mung beans can be effectively incorporated into a sustainable crop rotation plan for millet. In the future, we aim to further explore the interaction mechanisms between preceding crops and millet to optimise rotation strategies and improve foxtail millet quality.
轮作会影响作物生产力和土壤特性；然而，前茬作物对谷子产量和品质的影响以及这两个因素之间的关系尚未得到充分表征。为了进一步研究前茬作物对谷子的影响，本研究种植了玉米、绿豆、大豆、马铃薯和黍稷作为前茬作物，并与张杂谷10号谷子进行轮作。本研究采用随机完全区组设计，收获后采集土壤和谷子样本。通过测量产量和品质指标，并综合分析各种品质性状及其相互关系，探讨了张杂谷10号在五种不同前茬作物种植下的表现。前茬作物对谷子籽粒的理化和营养特性有显著影响。绿豆后茬种植的张杂谷10号产量显著高于其他作物后茬种植的谷子（8277.47 kg/hm）。此外，其颜色特性（a*、b*和△E值）更优，米色呈现出最强的黄色。大豆前茬种植的谷子千粒重显著更高，表明籽粒饱满。此外，该处理的类胡萝卜素和多酚含量分别为34.79 mg/kg和76.27 mg/100 g，与其他处理相比，V、Cr、Fe、Co、Ni、Se和Sn等矿物质含量显著更高。绿豆和大豆后茬种植的谷子籽粒品质优良，具有较高的破损值和糊化度，以及较低的蒸煮值和糊化温度和适度较低的回生值。马铃薯后茬种植的张杂谷10号多酚含量为67.13 mg/100 g，具有较强的抗氧化作用。相比之下，谷子前茬种植的黍稷各种物质含量相对较低，整体表现较差。综上所述，选择合适的前茬作物可以显著提高张杂谷的产量和品质。此外，大豆、马铃薯和绿豆可以有效地纳入谷子可持续轮作计划。未来，我们旨在进一步探索前茬作物与谷子之间的相互作用机制，以优化轮作策略，提高谷子品质。
