Improving representation of Hispanic adults in a population-based cancer genetics cohort: Qualitative findings from the Healthy Oregon Project.

BACKGROUND

Members of many racial and ethnic population subgroups are underrepresented in clinical trials and research. We present perspectives on barriers and facilitators to study participation gathered from Hispanic participants in a population-based genetic screening study.

METHODS

Seven focus groups (five in English and two in Spanish) were conducted with self-identified Hispanic participants of the Healthy Oregon Project (HOP), a large population-based cohort of adults residing in Oregon. HOP study participants complete surveys about cancer and chronic disease risks with the option to donate a saliva sample for no-cost genetic risk screening for inherited disorders. HOP invited Hispanic participants via email to join a focus group about their experiences. Focus groups, generally lasting 60-90 minutes, occurred in person and virtually. Notes were coded and content-analyzed.

FINDINGS

49 Hispanic adults participated in the focus groups (37 women; 9 men; 3 non-binary people). Identified facilitators for HOP study participation were trust in the academic medical center leading the study, having a family member who was impacted by cancer, and receiving free genetic screening. Identified barriers were difficulty completing the family history survey, lack of understanding or familiarity with research, immigration status, and navigating technology challenges. Recommendations to improve recruitment of Hispanic populations included promoting the study at community events, clinics, or schools, simplifying the consenting process and providing patient-focused videos to demonstrate study tasks, providing real-time sample tracking, and offering monetary incentives.

DISCUSSION

Our findings can inform strategies for bolstering recruitment of Hispanic adults in biomedical research studies.