Özden Can, Afacan Beral, İlhan Harika Atmaca, Köse Timur, Emingil Gülnur
Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey.
Section of Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Letters, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey.
Clin Oral Investig. 2024 Dec 10;29(1):7. doi: 10.1007/s00784-024-06088-1.
Activin-A belongs to the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily and is a multifunctional cytokine that plays a role in inflammation, immune response, tissue repair and regeneration. Proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) can increase Activin-A expression in various cell types. This study aims to evaluate gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and salivary Activin-A and IL-β levels in stage III periodontitis.
23 patients with stage III periodontitis, 26 with gingivitis and 26 periodontally healthy individuals were included. Full-mouth clinical periodontal indices were recorded, unstimulated whole saliva and GCF samples were obtained, Activin-A and IL-1β total amounts were determined by ELISA. Statistical comparisons were performed using non-parametric tests. Receiver operating characteristics curve was used for estimating the area under the curve (AUC).
Periodontitis group exhibited significantly lower GCF Activin-A levels but higher IL-1β levels than the periodontally healthy group (p < 0.05). Gingivitis group had similar GCF Activin-A and IL-1β levels to the periodontitis and periodontally healthy groups (p > 0.05). Salivary Activin-A and IL-1β concentrations were similar among study groups (p > 0.05). GCF Activin-A level showed an excellent diagnostic performance (an AUC value of 0.82 with 87% sensitivity) to discriminate periodontitis from periodontal health.
For the first time, this study demonstrated oral biofluid levels of Activin-A in periodontal health and diseases. Within the limits of the study, it might be suggested that diseased sites in periodontitis are associated with reduced Activin-A and increased IL-1β levels in GCF.
Reduced GCF Activin-A levels and the accompanying increase in IL-1β might be associated with diseased sites in stage III periodontitis.
激活素 -A 属于转化生长因子 -β 超家族，是一种多功能细胞因子，在炎症、免疫反应、组织修复和再生中发挥作用。促炎细胞因子白细胞介素 -1β（IL -1β）可增加多种细胞类型中激活素 -A 的表达。本研究旨在评估 III 期牙周炎患者龈沟液（GCF）和唾液中激活素 -A 及 IL -β 的水平。
纳入 23 例 III 期牙周炎患者、26 例牙龈炎患者和 26 例牙周健康个体。记录全口临床牙周指标，采集非刺激性全唾液和 GCF 样本，采用酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）测定激活素 -A 和 IL -1β 的总量。使用非参数检验进行统计学比较。采用受试者工作特征曲线评估曲线下面积（AUC）。
牙周炎组龈沟液中激活素 -A 水平显著低于牙周健康组，但 IL -1β水平高于牙周健康组（p < 0.05）。牙龈炎组龈沟液中激活素 -A 和 IL -1β水平与牙周炎组及牙周健康组相似（p > 0.05）。各研究组唾液中激活素 -A 和 IL -1β浓度相似（p > 0.05）。龈沟液激活素 -A 水平在区分牙周炎与牙周健康方面表现出优异的诊断性能（AUC 值为 0.82，敏感性为 87%）。
本研究首次展示了牙周健康和疾病状态下激活素 -A 在口腔生物流体中的水平。在本研究范围内，可能提示牙周炎的患病部位与龈沟液中激活素 -A 水平降低及 IL -1β水平升高有关。
龈沟液中激活素 -A水平降低及随之而来的 IL -1β水平升高可能与 III 期牙周炎的患病部位有关。
