Zhang Fan, Ma Ying, Zhu Hangxin, Li Junhua, Gu Luping, Chang Cuihua, Su Yujie, Yang Yanjun
State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, PR China.
National R&D Center for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Deep Processing of Green Se-rich Agricultural Products, School of Modern Industry for Selenium Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, PR China.
J Food Sci. 2024 Dec;89(12):9751-9765. doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.17566. Epub 2024 Dec 10.
Recent evidence increasingly indicates that moderate egg consumption (up to one egg per day) poses no significant risk of cardiovascular diseases in healthy individuals, leading researchers to speculate whether other lipids in eggs affect lipid metabolism. In this research, C57BL/6J mice were given chow diets containing egg yolk low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), two natural components with different proportions of phospholipids and cholesterol, to explore the effects of the phospholipids-to-cholesterol intake ratio on lipid metabolism. Increases in liver weight and liver index were observed following LDL intake, while body weight and epididymal fat decreased after HDL intake in a dose-dependent manner. The food efficiency of chow diets decreased with increasing phospholipids content. Lipid biomarkers indicated that LDL intake significantly increased plasma LDL cholesterol and liver cholesterol levels. At equivalent cholesterol doses, the cholesterol-raising effects of HDL were weaker than those of LDL. Higher protein expression of cytochrome P450 family 7 subfamily A member 1 in the HDL groups suggested increased bile acid excretion at higher phospholipids-to-cholesterol intake ratios. Fecal metabolite analysis revealed significant changes in lipid composition, primarily involving glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, and sterol lipids, consistent with the lipid profiles of LDL and HDL. The upregulation of cholic acid and deoxycholic acid in feces further confirmed increased bile acid excretion. This study highlights the differences in lipid metabolism in mice under varying phospholipids-to-cholesterol intake ratios, which may be associated with changes in dietary energy supply and bile excretion following phospholipids involvement.
最近的证据越来越表明，适度食用鸡蛋（每天最多一个鸡蛋）对健康个体不会构成患心血管疾病的重大风险，这使得研究人员猜测鸡蛋中的其他脂质是否会影响脂质代谢。在本研究中，给C57BL/6J小鼠喂食含有蛋黄低密度脂蛋白（LDL）和高密度脂蛋白（HDL）的食物，这两种天然成分具有不同比例的磷脂和胆固醇，以探讨磷脂与胆固醇摄入比例对脂质代谢的影响。摄入LDL后观察到肝脏重量和肝脏指数增加，而摄入HDL后体重和附睾脂肪以剂量依赖的方式减少。食物的食物效率随着磷脂含量的增加而降低。脂质生物标志物表明，摄入LDL会显著增加血浆LDL胆固醇和肝脏胆固醇水平。在胆固醇剂量相等的情况下，HDL的胆固醇升高作用比LDL弱。HDL组中细胞色素P450家族7亚家族A成员1的蛋白表达较高，表明在磷脂与胆固醇摄入比例较高时胆汁酸排泄增加。粪便代谢物分析显示脂质组成有显著变化，主要涉及甘油磷脂、鞘脂和甾醇脂质，这与LDL和HDL的脂质谱一致。粪便中胆酸和脱氧胆酸的上调进一步证实了胆汁酸排泄增加。本研究强调了在不同的磷脂与胆固醇摄入比例下小鼠脂质代谢的差异，这可能与磷脂参与后饮食能量供应和胆汁排泄的变化有关。
