Resectional operations and long-term results in carcinoma of the esophagus.

The 5 year survival rate after resectional operations for carcinoma of the esophagus is still very low. Many factors have been identified as contributing to these poor long-term results. The main factor found in this study, comprising 102 patients undergoing resection out of 125 patients operated upon during a 10 year period, was nonradical resection. The main cause of nonradical resection was invasion of the tumor into the mediastinum, which was observed in 80% of the patients. In 43 of the 102 patients undergoing resection, the penetration of the carcinoma into the tissue surrounding the esophagus was observed only histologically. Thirty-three of the 38 hospital survivors in this group died within 2 years of the operation of recurrence of carcinoma. Fourteen of 17 survivors after resectional operations in whom the tumor growth was still limited to the esophagus were alive from 2 to 9 years (mean 6 years) after the operation, without evidence of recurrence.