Gío-Trujillo José Alberto, Alvarado-López Carlos J
National Technological Institute of Mexico, Conkal campus, Technological Avenue, s/n C.P. 97345, Conkal, Yucatán, Mexico.
Curr Res Microb Sci. 2024 Nov 19;7:100320. doi: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100320. eCollection 2024.
Botanical gardens, areas for vegetation conservation, have become important reservoirs of beneficial soil microbiota, mainly as a source of microbial inoculum for agricultural purposes. Shrubby mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), an important genetic resource of tropical soils, have a high potential for agricultural production, generally used as inoculant medium that provides better yield, productivity and physiological response to crops. This research study explores the presence of AMF in a botanical garden, composed of four areas: cactarium collection, epiphytes and ornamental collection, tropical forest area and coastal zone. Each area is composed of plants representative of its ecosystem. For the study, a random systematic model was used, with nine samples per site at a depth of 20 cm. A physicochemical characterization of the soils was developed. The extraction of AMF spores was carried out by wet sieving and centrifugation in 60% sucrose. The spores were identified by taxon. The results indicate a total of 379 AMF spores identified in the study area. The highest spore incidence was recorded in the tropical forest area with a total of 161 (53.67±5.51) spores extracted, followed by the coastal zone and cactus collection area with 78 (26.00±9.64) and 73 (24.33±4.73) spores in total. In the study two taxa were identified, Glomeraceae and Gigasporaceae. The taxon Glomeraceae is also considered to be the most representative (highest abundance and frequency) of the study. In conclusion, botanical gardens, by their extructure (plant composition) and management can be taken into account as important ecosystems reservoirs and source of viable microbial genetic material for the bioprospecting of beneficial soil genotic resources (rhizophiles and endophylls) for use in modern agriculture and sustainable food production systems.
植物园作为植被保护区域，已成为有益土壤微生物群的重要储存库，主要作为农业用途微生物接种剂的来源。丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）是热带土壤的重要遗传资源，在农业生产中具有很高的潜力，通常用作接种剂培养基，可提高作物产量、生产力和生理反应。本研究探讨了一个植物园中AMF的存在情况，该植物园由四个区域组成：仙人掌收集区、附生植物和观赏植物收集区、热带森林区和沿海区。每个区域都由代表其生态系统的植物组成。在本研究中，采用随机系统模型，每个采样点在20厘米深度取9个样本。对土壤进行了理化特性分析。通过在60%蔗糖溶液中湿筛和离心法提取AMF孢子。孢子按分类单元进行鉴定。结果表明，研究区域共鉴定出379个AMF孢子。热带森林区的孢子发生率最高，共提取到161个（53.67±5.51）孢子，其次是沿海区和仙人掌收集区，分别有78个（26.00±9.64）和73个（24.33±4.73）孢子。在该研究中鉴定出两个分类单元，即球囊霉科和巨孢囊霉科。球囊霉科也被认为是该研究中最具代表性的（丰度和频率最高）分类单元。总之，考虑到植物园的结构（植物组成）和管理方式，其可被视为重要的生态系统储存库以及可行的微生物遗传物质来源，用于生物勘探有益土壤基因资源（根际微生物和内生菌），以应用于现代农业和可持续粮食生产系统。
