Duffy Conor M C, Benotsch Eric G
Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
Patient Educ Couns. 2025 Mar;132:108600. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2024.108600. Epub 2024 Dec 4.
To synthesize findings from research examining nonverbal behavior (NVB) in telehealth. Use of telehealth has increased substantially in recent years-thus, it is critical to identify nonverbal strategies that facilitate positive patient-provider communication in this context.
Four peer-reviewed databases were searched: PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and EMBASE. Following a review of abstracts and full texts by the first author, 50 studies met inclusion criteria.
The role of six NVBs- gaze, facial expression, gesture, head movement, proxemics, and posture- has been examined in the context of telehealth. Most included studies assessed patients' and providers' perspectives of NVB in telehealth. There was a lack of research examining nonverbal behaviors, and their associations with patient-centered outcomes, in naturalistic clinical settings.
While this review identified some promising nonverbal strategies to facilitate patient-provider rapport in telehealth, there is a need for future research that objectively measures NVBs and examines relationships between these behaviors and patient-centered outcomes.
Potential strategies for providers to enhance quality of communication in telehealth include gazing at the camera (vs. the screen), mirroring patients' facial expressions and head movements, leaning forward, and exaggerating gestures and facial expressions.
综合有关远程医疗中对非语言行为（NVB）研究的结果。近年来，远程医疗的使用大幅增加，因此，确定在此背景下促进医患积极沟通的非语言策略至关重要。
检索了四个同行评审数据库：PubMed、PsycINFO、CINAHL和EMBASE。在第一作者对摘要和全文进行审查后，有50项研究符合纳入标准。
在远程医疗背景下，对六种非语言行为——目光接触、面部表情、手势、头部动作、空间关系和姿势——的作用进行了研究。大多数纳入研究评估了患者和提供者对远程医疗中非语言行为的看法。在自然主义临床环境中，缺乏对非语言行为及其与以患者为中心的结果之间关联的研究。
虽然本综述确定了一些有前景的非语言策略，以促进远程医疗中医患之间的融洽关系，但未来仍需要进行研究，客观地测量非语言行为，并研究这些行为与以患者为中心的结果之间的关系。
提供者在远程医疗中提高沟通质量的潜在策略包括注视摄像头（而非屏幕）、模仿患者的面部表情和头部动作、身体前倾以及夸张手势和面部表情。
