Fukuda Taira, Nakajima Toshiaki, Hasegawa Takaaki, Amano Hirohisa, Arikawa Takuo, Shibasaki Ikuko, Ohni Mitsuo, Abe Shichiro, Sakuma Masashi, Fukuda Hirotsugu, Toyoda Shigeru
Department of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Kanagawa University of Human Services, Yokosuka, JPN.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, JPN.
Cureus. 2024 Nov 11;16(11):e73417. doi: 10.7759/cureus.73417. eCollection 2024 Nov.
ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5ω3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6ω3), are widely regarded as cardioprotective. EPA, but not DHA, has been reported to prevent fibrosis in heart failure. The relationship between the ω-3 PUFA fraction in epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and vascular inflammation in patients with cardiovascular disease remains unclear.
EAT was collected from patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery (n=21, 11 men, 10 women, 70.4±9.0 years old). Fatty acid fractions were measured in serum, SAT, and EAT by gas chromatography, and serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α was measured. No patient had taken EPA or DHA supplements.
DHA concentrations were significantly higher in EAT than in SAT (p=0.001); EPA showed no significant difference. The EPA level of EAT correlated with the serum EPA concentration (p=0.009) but did not correlate significantly with serum DHA, α-linolenic acid (ALA, C18:3ω3), or linoleic acid (LA, C18:2ω6) concentrations. The EPA level of EAT showed a strong correlation with docosapentaenoic acid (DPA, C22:5ω3) and the DHA level of EAT (DHA: p<0.001). ALA (r=-0.519, p=0.039) and EPA (r=-0.611, p=0.027) levels of EAT correlated negatively with the serum TNFα concentration. There were no significant differences in EPA in serum, SAT, and EAT between patients with and without atherosclerotic heart disease.
Among ω-3 PUFA fractions in EAT, ALA and EPA were associated with anti-inflammatory effects in patients with cardiovascular disease. It is likely that an increase in serum EPA concentration is needed to increase ω-3 PUFA levels in EAT.
ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA），如二十碳五烯酸（EPA，C20:5ω3）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA，C22:6ω3），被广泛认为具有心脏保护作用。据报道，EPA可预防心力衰竭中的纤维化，但DHA不能。心血管疾病患者的心外膜脂肪组织（EAT）和皮下脂肪组织（SAT）中ω-3 PUFA组分与血管炎症之间的关系仍不清楚。
收集接受心血管手术患者的EAT（n = 21，男性11例，女性10例，年龄70.4±9.0岁）。通过气相色谱法测定血清、SAT和EAT中的脂肪酸组分，并测定血清肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）α。所有患者均未服用EPA或DHA补充剂。
EAT中的DHA浓度显著高于SAT（p = 0.001）；EPA无显著差异。EAT中的EPA水平与血清EPA浓度相关（p = 0.009），但与血清DHA、α-亚麻酸（ALA，C18:3ω3）或亚油酸（LA，C18:2ω6）浓度无显著相关性。EAT中的EPA水平与二十二碳五烯酸（DPA，C22:5ω3）和EAT中的DHA水平呈强相关（DHA：p < 0.001）。EAT中的ALA（r = -0.519，p = 0.039）和EPA（r = -0.611，p = 0.027）水平与血清TNFα浓度呈负相关。有或无动脉粥样硬化性心脏病的患者血清、SAT和EAT中的EPA无显著差异。
在EAT中的ω-3 PUFA组分中（EAT中的ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸组分中），ALA和EPA与心血管疾病患者的抗炎作用相关。可能需要提高血清EPA浓度以增加EAT中的ω-3 PUFA水平。
