Au-Yeung Chung Him, Ellis David, Dallaway Alexander, Riley Jenny, Varney Justin, Howell-Jones Rebecca
Public Health, Birmingham City Council, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
School of Health and Society, Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom.
Front Public Health. 2024 Nov 27;12:1477418. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1477418. eCollection 2024.
Birmingham has a significantly higher type-II diabetes prevalence than the national average. This study aimed to investigate the association of socioeconomic deprivation and ethnicity on the risk of diabetes in Birmingham.
Data were included from 108,514 NHS Health Checks conducted in Birmingham between 2018 and 2023. Attributable fraction and multinomial logistic regression were used to estimate the number of events avoidable and the prevalence odds ratios (POR) of determinants respectively.
Attributable fraction analysis estimated that 64% of diabetes and 44% of pre-diabetes cases could be attributed to socioeconomic deprivation. Specifically, if Asian attendees in the least deprived areas had the same risk as White individuals in the least deprived areas, there would have been 1,056 fewer cases of diabetes and 2,226 fewer cases of pre-diabetes. Diabetes was significantly associated with Asian ethnicity (POR = 5.43, < 0.001), Black ethnicity (POR = 3.15, < 0.001) and Mixed ethnicity (POR = 2.79, < 0.001). Pre-diabetes was also significantly associated with Asian ethnicity (POR = 3.06, < 0.001), Black ethnicity (POR = 2.70, < 0.001) and Mixed ethnicity (POR = 2.21, < 0.001). The interaction effects between ethnicity and deprivation posed a greater risk of diabetes, especially for Asian attendees in the first (POR = 9.34, < 0.001) and second (POR = 6.24, < 0.001) most deprived quintiles.
The present findings demonstrate the association of ethnicity and socioeconomic deprivation on the risk of diabetes and pre-diabetes. It underscores the necessity for targeted interventions and policies to address these inequalities.
伯明翰市的2型糖尿病患病率显著高于全国平均水平。本研究旨在调查社会经济剥夺和种族与伯明翰市糖尿病风险之间的关联。
纳入了2018年至2023年在伯明翰市进行的108,514次国民保健服务健康检查的数据。分别使用归因分数和多项逻辑回归来估计可避免事件的数量和决定因素的患病率比值比（POR）。
归因分数分析估计，64%的糖尿病病例和44%的糖尿病前期病例可归因于社会经济剥夺。具体而言，如果最不贫困地区的亚洲参与者与最不贫困地区的白人个体具有相同的风险，那么糖尿病病例将减少1,056例，糖尿病前期病例将减少2,226例。糖尿病与亚洲种族（POR = 5.43，<0.001）、黑人种族（POR = 3.15，<0.001）和混合种族（POR = 2.79，<0.001）显著相关。糖尿病前期也与亚洲种族（POR = 3.06，<0.001）、黑人种族（POR = 2.70，<0.001）和混合种族（POR = 2.21，<0.001）显著相关。种族和剥夺之间的交互作用带来了更高的糖尿病风险，尤其是对于最贫困五分位数中第一（POR = 9.34，<0.001）和第二（POR = 6.24，<0.001）组的亚洲参与者。
目前的研究结果表明了种族和社会经济剥夺与糖尿病及糖尿病前期风险之间的关联。这凸显了采取针对性干预措施和政策来解决这些不平等问题的必要性。
