Aldisi Dara, Alyami Seham H, Alhamdan Adel, Alebrahim Hanan M, Almadani Ahmad H, Abulmeaty Mahmoud M A
Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, 11362 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Actas Esp Psiquiatr. 2024 Dec;52(6):777-785. doi: 10.62641/aep.v52i6.1734.
Women with binge eating disorder (BED) and bulimia nervosa (BN) usually consume high-calorie meals with variable macro- and micronutrient compositions and have a disturbed perception of gastric fullness. The association of dietary intake with gastric interoception and gastric myoelectric activity (GMA) is poorly studied. This study examined the link between GMA/interoception and dietary intake in women with eating disorders (ED) compared to age/body mass index (BMI)-matched controls.
A total of 18 women diagnosed with BED (n = 9) or BN (n = 9) and 18 age/BMI-matched controls (MC) group were enrolled in this study. Interoception was measured by measuring the volume of ingested water until the feeling of maximal fullness within 5 minutes (5 min water load test; 5 min WL). GMA was measured using transcutaneous electrogastrography (EGG) before and after water ingestion. Dietary intake was recorded using the multipath 24-hour recall of the two proceeding days. Then, food processor software was used to analyze the macro- and micronutrient composition of their diets. The volume of water load (WL) and the EGG's average dominant frequency (ADF) were correlated with macro- and micronutrient intakes.
Compared to the matched controls, women with ED had a significantly higher consumption of total calories, fat, saturated fat, carbohydrate (CHO), fibers, and sugar, with further higher intakes of total calories and trans-fat in the BED compared to the BN subgroup (p < 0.05). Moreover, the BED group showed higher vitamin B1, copper, and iron intakes than the MC group (p-values were <0.05). The volume of 5 min WL was higher in the BN group than in the control group (697.50 ± 186.45 vs. 466.67 ± 120.44 mL; p < 0.05) and the BED group (697.50 ± 186.45 vs. 488.75 ± 152.17 mL; p < 0.05). In the BED group, ADF showed a significant positive correlation with CHO, sugar, and vitamin B12 intakes (r = 0.700, 0.719, and 0.766, respectively; p < 0.05). Additionally, the 5 min WL volume was negatively correlated with the fiber and sodium intake in the BN group (r = -0.710 and -0.724, respectively; p < 0.05).
Specific dietary approaches might be effective for women with BN and BED. Women with BN may benefit from diets that are higher in fiber and sodium. In contrast, those with BED may find diets rich in simple carbohydrates and vitamin B12 helpful for regulating their eating habits and gastric mobility. Future research is encouraged to test this finding prospectively.
患有暴饮暴食症（BED）和神经性贪食症（BN）的女性通常会摄入高热量食物，这些食物的宏量营养素和微量营养素组成各不相同，并且她们对胃部饱腹感的感知也存在紊乱。饮食摄入与胃内感受及胃肌电活动（GMA）之间的关联研究较少。本研究调查了与年龄/体重指数（BMI）相匹配的对照组相比，饮食失调（ED）女性的GMA/内感受与饮食摄入之间的联系。
本研究共纳入了18名被诊断为BED（n = 9）或BN（n = 9）的女性以及18名年龄/BMI相匹配的对照组（MC）。通过测量5分钟内摄入水的量直至产生最大饱腹感来测量内感受（5分钟水负荷试验；5分钟WL）。在摄入水之前和之后，使用经皮胃电图（EGG）测量GMA。使用前两天的多途径24小时回忆法记录饮食摄入情况。然后，使用食物处理软件分析她们饮食中的宏量营养素和微量营养素组成。水负荷（WL）量和EGG的平均主导频率（ADF）与宏量营养素和微量营养素摄入量相关。
与匹配的对照组相比，患有ED的女性总热量、脂肪、饱和脂肪、碳水化合物（CHO）、纤维和糖的摄入量显著更高，与BN亚组相比，BED组的总热量和反式脂肪摄入量更高（p < 0.05）。此外，BED组的维生素B1、铜和铁摄入量高于MC组（p值<0.05）。BN组的5分钟WL量高于对照组（697.50 ± 186.45 vs. 466.67 ± 120.44 mL；p < 0.05）和BED组（697.50 ± 186.45 vs. 488.75 ± 152.17 mL；p < 0.05）。在BED组中，ADF与CHO、糖和维生素B12摄入量呈显著正相关（分别为r = 0.700、0.719和0.766；p < 0.05）。此外，BN组的5分钟WL量与纤维和钠摄入量呈负相关（分别为r = -0.710和-0.724；p < 0.05）。
特定的饮食方法可能对患有BN和BED的女性有效。患有BN的女性可能会从富含纤维和钠的饮食中受益。相比之下，患有BED的女性可能会发现富含简单碳水化合物和维生素B12的饮食有助于调节她们的饮食习惯和胃部蠕动。鼓励未来的研究对这一发现进行前瞻性测试。
