Asikin Yonathan, Shimizu Kuniyoshi, Iwasaki Hironori, Oku Hirosuke, Wada Koji
Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan.
United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan.
J Food Drug Anal. 2022 Sep 15;30(3):454-465. doi: 10.38212/2224-6614.3414.
Shiikuwasha (Citrus depressa Hayata) essential oil (SEO) extracted from Shiikuwasha fruit pulp contains two major volatile components, limonene and γ-terpinene (56.56-57.31 and 24.41-24.98%, respectively). In this study, we showed that the aroma streams of SEO, limonene, and γ-terpinene exhibited significant physiological stress amelioration effects in nine healthy female panelists tested in a 30-min visual display task. While SEO administration significantly reduced work errors by 15 min compared to the odorless control condition, the limonene stream reduced work errors only at the first and fourth 5-min intervals, and the γ-terpinene effect lasted only for the initial 5-min. However, γ-terpinene inhalation reduced stress by significantly increasing post-work electrocardiogram R-R interval variability and lowering electroencephalogram beta wave powers at the midline occipital Oz position. Additionally, SEO, limonene, and γ-terpinene displayed anti-inflammatory activity in vitro by suppressing the pro-inflammatory markers NO and IL-1β in BV-2 microglial cells in a dose-dependent manner.
从四季橘（Citrus depressa Hayata）果肉中提取的四季橘精油（SEO）含有两种主要挥发性成分，柠檬烯和γ-萜品烯（分别为56.56 - 57.31%和24.41 - 24.98%）。在本研究中，我们发现，在一项30分钟的视觉显示任务中，对九名健康女性受试者进行测试时，SEO、柠檬烯和γ-萜品烯的香气流均表现出显著的生理应激缓解作用。与无气味对照条件相比，给予SEO可使工作失误在15分钟时显著减少，而柠檬烯香气流仅在第一个和第四个5分钟间隔时减少工作失误，γ-萜品烯的作用仅持续最初的5分钟。然而，吸入γ-萜品烯可通过显著增加工作后心电图R - R间期变异性并降低枕骨中线Oz位置的脑电图β波功率来减轻压力。此外，SEO、柠檬烯和γ-萜品烯在体外通过以剂量依赖方式抑制BV - 2小胶质细胞中的促炎标志物NO和IL - 1β而表现出抗炎活性。
