Zvolensky Michael J, Clausen Bryce K, Pathak Neha, Wein Perel Y, Redmond Brooke Y, McClure Erin A, Viana Andres G
Department of Psychology, University of Houston.
HEALTH Institute, University of Houston.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2025 Jun;39(4):332-344. doi: 10.1037/adb0001046. Epub 2024 Dec 12.
Although Black/African American (hereinafter Black) adults who smoke are a tobacco disparities population in the United States, little systematic research has sought to explicate how differences in the distinct experience of race-related threat are associated with established and clinically important smoking processes in one overarching model. The present investigation sought to bridge this gap and test perceived racial/ethnic discrimination and racial trauma in the context of one another regarding an array of processes involved in the maintenance and relapse of smoking behavior.
Participants included 517 Black individuals who smoked cigarettes daily (≥ 5; = 45.07, = 14.72, 51.5% identified as female).
Results indicated that in adjusted models, perceived racial/ethnic discrimination and racial trauma were each associated with an increased risk of more severe problems when quitting smoking as well as somatic symptoms and harmful consequences in smoking abstinence expectancies. For perceived barriers to quitting and negative mood abstinence expectancies, only racial trauma exerted a statistically significant main effect. In contrast, there was a statistically significant main effect only for perceived racial/ethnic discrimination for positive smoking abstinence expectancies, such that greater perceived racial/ethnic discrimination was associated with less positive beliefs about the consequences of abstinence (e.g., positive affect).
Overall, the present investigation indicated that both perceived racial/ethnic discrimination and racial trauma were relatively consistent and impactful explanatory variables for several clinically significant smoking processes, even in the context of one another, among Black adults who smoke in the United States. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).
尽管在美国，吸烟的黑人/非裔美国成年人（以下简称黑人）是烟草差异人群，但很少有系统研究试图在一个总体模型中阐明与种族相关威胁的独特经历差异如何与既定的、具有临床重要性的吸烟过程相关联。本研究旨在填补这一空白，并在吸烟行为维持和复发所涉及的一系列过程中，相互参照地检验感知到的种族/族裔歧视和种族创伤。
参与者包括517名每天吸烟（≥5支）的黑人个体（平均年龄 = 45.07岁，标准差 = 14.72，51.5%为女性）。
结果表明，在调整后的模型中，感知到的种族/族裔歧视和种族创伤均与戒烟时出现更严重问题的风险增加以及戒烟预期中的躯体症状和有害后果相关。对于戒烟的感知障碍和消极情绪戒烟预期，只有种族创伤产生了具有统计学意义的主效应。相比之下，对于积极的戒烟预期，只有感知到的种族/族裔歧视产生了具有统计学意义的主效应，即感知到的种族/族裔歧视越大，对戒烟后果的积极信念（如积极情绪）越少。
总体而言，本研究表明，在美国吸烟的黑人成年人中，即使在相互参照的情况下，感知到的种族/族裔歧视和种族创伤对于几个具有临床意义的吸烟过程来说，都是相对一致且有影响力的解释变量。（《心理学文摘数据库记录》（c）2025美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
