非裔美国成年人中种族歧视经历、宗教/灵性与吸烟之间的关联：杰克逊心脏研究
Associations Among Experiences With Racial Discrimination, Religion/Spirituality, and Cigarette Smoking Among African American Adults: The Jackson Heart Study.
作者信息
Cottrell-Daniels Cherell, Aycock Dawn M, Pecháček Terry F, Sims Mario, Spears Claire A
机构信息
Research Department, Health Choice Network, 9064 N.W. 13th Terrace, Miami, FL 33172, USA.
Byrdine F. Lewis College of Nursing & Health Professions, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
出版信息
Ann Behav Med. 2025 Jan 4;59(1). doi: 10.1093/abm/kaae066.
BACKGROUND
African American adults exhibit disproportionately high rates of tobacco-related diseases and associated death. Experiences with racial discrimination contribute to health disparities among African Americans, but more research is needed to understand associations between perceived discrimination and tobacco use as well as potential protective factors.
PURPOSE
This study examined associations between perceived racial discrimination and cigarette smoking, as well as religion and spirituality as moderators of any associations.
METHODS
Cross-sectional data were drawn from the Jackson Heart Study, a study of cardiovascular disease risk factors among African American adults in Jackson, MS. Measures included perceived everyday discrimination and major life events discrimination that was attributed to race. Participants also reported religious attendance, prayer, spirituality, and whether they prayed in response to discriminatory experiences. Logistic regression models tested associations between perceived racial discrimination and cigarette smoking status, and interactions between religiosity/spirituality and discrimination in predicting smoking status.
RESULTS
A total of 2,972 participants were included in the analysis (62.7% female, mean age 55.1 years). Thirteen percent reported currently smoking cigarettes. Everyday racial discrimination was associated with a higher likelihood of current smoking (p = .01). The association between lifetime racial discrimination and current smoking status was weaker for those who reported prayer as a reaction compared to those who did not report prayer as a reaction (adjusted odds ratio = 0.32, 95% confidence interval: 0.11 to 0.91) while adjusting for demographics and covariates.
CONCLUSIONS
Stressful experiences with racial discrimination may create risks for health behaviors like smoking. However, prayer may act as a coping strategy to help buffer the effects of racial discrimination on smoking behavior.
背景
非裔美国成年人患烟草相关疾病及相关死亡的比例高得不成比例。种族歧视经历导致了非裔美国人之间的健康差异，但需要更多研究来了解感知到的歧视与烟草使用之间的关联以及潜在的保护因素。
目的
本研究考察了感知到的种族歧视与吸烟之间的关联，以及宗教和灵性作为任何关联的调节因素。
方法
横断面数据取自杰克逊心脏研究，该研究针对密西西比州杰克逊市非裔美国成年人的心血管疾病风险因素。测量指标包括感知到的日常歧视和归因于种族的重大生活事件歧视。参与者还报告了宗教活动参与情况、祈祷、灵性，以及他们是否因歧视经历而祈祷。逻辑回归模型检验了感知到的种族歧视与吸烟状况之间的关联，以及宗教信仰/灵性与歧视在预测吸烟状况方面的相互作用。
结果
共有2972名参与者纳入分析（62.7%为女性，平均年龄55.1岁）。13%的人报告目前吸烟。日常种族歧视与当前吸烟的可能性较高相关（p = 0.01）。在调整人口统计学和协变量后，与未将祈祷作为应对方式的人相比，将祈祷作为应对方式的人在一生种族歧视与当前吸烟状况之间的关联较弱（调整后的优势比 = 0.32，95%置信区间：0.11至0.91）。
结论
种族歧视带来的压力经历可能会给吸烟等健康行为带来风险。然而，祈祷可能作为一种应对策略，帮助缓冲种族歧视对吸烟行为的影响。
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