Huber Tobias, Weber Julia, von Bechtolsheim Felix, Flemming Sven, Fuchs Hans Friedrich, Grade Marian, Hummel Richard, Krautz Christian, Stockheim Jessica, Thomaschewski Michael, Wilhelm Dirk, Kalff Jörg C, Nickel Felix, Matthaei Hanno
Klinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Transplantationschirurgie, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Deutschland.
Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral-, Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Bonn, Deutschland.
Zentralbl Chir. 2025 Feb;150(1):35-49. doi: 10.1055/a-2386-9463. Epub 2024 Dec 12.
The rapid development of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) and robot-assisted surgery (RAS) requires standardized training to ensure high-quality patient care. In Germany, there is currently a lack of a standardized curriculum that teaches these specialized skills. The aim of this study is to find a consensus for the development of a nationwide curriculum for MIS and RAS with the subsequent implementation of the consented content.A modified Delphi process was used to reach consensus among national experts in MIS and RAS. The process included a literature review, an online survey and an expert conference.All 12 invited experts participated in the survey. They primarily achieved consensus on 73% and secondarily within the expert conference on 95 out of 122 questions (77.9%). The preference for a basic curriculum as a foundation on which specialized modules can build on was particularly clear. The results support the development of an integrated curriculum for MIS and RAS that includes step-by-step training from theoretical knowledge via e-learning modules to practical skills in dry lab simulations and in the OR. Emphasis was placed on the need to promote clinical judgment and decision making through targeted assessment during the learning curve to ensure effective application of learned skills in clinical practice. There was also a consensus that training content must be aligned with learners' skill acquisition using objective performance assessments in line with the principle of proficiency-based progression (PBP). The continuous updating of the curriculum to keep it up to date with the latest technology was considered essential.The study underlines the urgent need for a standardized training curriculum for MIS and RAS in Germany in order to increase patient safety and improve the quality of surgical care. There is broad expert consensus for the implementation of such a curriculum. It aims to ensure a contemporary and internationally competitive uniform quality of training and to increase the attractiveness of surgical training.
微创手术(MIS)和机器人辅助手术(RAS)的迅速发展需要标准化培训,以确保高质量的患者护理。在德国,目前缺乏教授这些专业技能的标准化课程。本研究的目的是就制定全国性的MIS和RAS课程达成共识,并随后实施商定的内容。采用改良的德尔菲法在MIS和RAS领域的国家专家中达成共识。该过程包括文献综述、在线调查和专家会议。所有12位受邀专家都参与了调查。他们在73%的问题上初步达成共识,在专家会议上,122个问题中有95个(77.9%)达成了二次共识。特别明确的是,倾向于以基础课程为基础,在此之上构建专业模块。研究结果支持开发MIS和RAS的综合课程,该课程包括从理论知识通过电子学习模块到干式实验室模拟和手术室实践技能的逐步培训。强调了在学习曲线期间通过有针对性的评估来促进临床判断和决策的必要性,以确保所学技能在临床实践中的有效应用。还达成了一项共识,即培训内容必须根据基于熟练程度进展(PBP)原则的客观绩效评估与学习者的技能获取相匹配。课程的持续更新以跟上最新技术被认为至关重要。该研究强调了德国迫切需要为MIS和RAS制定标准化培训课程,以提高患者安全性并改善手术护理质量。对于实施这样一门课程,专家们达成了广泛共识。其目的是确保具有当代性和国际竞争力的统一培训质量,并提高外科培训的吸引力。