Li Qin, Ma Yijie, He Peng, Chen Dongqiong, Zhang Tingrui, Wang Xiaoying, Xu Ying, Li Peiming, Wen Weibo, Wang Zefeng
School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China.
Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China.
Front Immunol. 2024 Nov 28;15:1430214. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1430214. eCollection 2024.
Chronic viral infections, such as Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), and their reactivation are considered potential contributing factors to Long-Corona Virus Disease (LC). However, research on the long-term sequelae of Long-COVID in individuals with HIV is limited.
We conducted a case-control study involving a total of 84 participants categorized into two groups: people living with HIV (PLWH) and people not living with HIV (PNLWH) within the six-month post-infection LC population. Differences in sequelae symptoms, cardiovascular biomarkers (VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and ACE2), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 neutralization antibodies (SARS-CoV-2 nAb) and cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-6, and IL-17) were analyzed between the two groups.
After 6 months of infection, PLWH exhibited significantly higher serum levels of ACE2, VCAM-1, and ICAM-1 ( < 0.01, respectively) compared to PNLWH with COVID-19. Additionally, sequelae symptoms were more pronounced in PNLWH, and there were no differences in serum levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-17 between the two groups ( > 0.05, respectively).
PLWH had lower symptoms of LC and reduced frequency of symptoms, increased cardiovascular risk factors, and no differences in levels of inflammation or SARS-CoV-2 nAb levels when compared to PNLWH.
慢性病毒感染，如人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）及其再激活被认为是长期新冠病毒病（LC）的潜在促成因素。然而，关于HIV感染者长期新冠后遗症的研究有限。
我们进行了一项病例对照研究，共纳入84名参与者，分为两组：感染后6个月内的HIV感染者（PLWH）和未感染HIV者（PNLWH）。分析了两组之间后遗症症状、心血管生物标志物（VCAM-1、ICAM-1和ACE2）、严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2中和抗体（SARS-CoV-2 nAb）和细胞因子（IFN-γ、IL-6和IL-17）的差异。
感染6个月后，与感染新冠病毒的PNLWH相比，PLWH的血清ACE2、VCAM-1和ICAM-1水平显著更高（分别<0.01）。此外，PNLWH的后遗症症状更明显，两组之间IFN-γ、TNF-α、IL-6和IL-17的血清水平无差异（分别>0.05）。
与PNLWH相比，PLWH的LC症状较轻且症状频率降低，心血管危险因素增加，炎症水平或SARS-CoV-2 nAb水平无差异。
