Rare Isolated Sphenoid Sinus Lesions: A Multi-case Study.

OBJECTIVE

To present clinical experiences in managing sphenoid sinus lesions at Al Nahdha Hospital, Oman with a focus on diagnostic challenges and surgical outcomes.

METHODS

A retrospective analysis was conducted on six cases of sphenoid sinus lesions treated with endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). Diagnostic modalities included contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), followed by histopathological confirmation.

RESULTS

Six cases were included, of which four were diagnosed with inverted papilloma, with squamous cell carcinoma transformation in one of them, the fifth one was a case of sphenoid angiofibroma and the sixth one was sphenoid hamartoma. Malignant transformation into squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was observed in one case. All patients underwent ESS without significant intraoperative or postoperative complications. Long-term surveillance is recommended.

CONCLUSION

Sphenoid sinus lesions are rare but require early intervention due to the potential for malignant transformation and proximity to critical neurovascular structures. High-resolution imaging, combined with endoscopic surgery, provides effective treatment. The recurrence risk for inverted papillomas, particularly with malignant transformation potential, necessitates prolonged follow-up.