Real Delor Raúl Emilio, Aguilera María Elena
Universidad Privada del Este.
Fundación Paraguaya de Celiacos.
Rev Fac Cien Med Univ Nac Cordoba. 2024 Dec 13;81(4):655-669. doi: 10.31053/1853.0605.v81.n4.43220.
The adherence to a gluten-free diet in people with celiac disease is a constant challenge for them and their family environment. Not everyone is able to adapt to the new eating style and may develop maladaptive behaviors. The objective was to evaluate the factors of adherence to the gluten-free diet in people with celiac disease in Paraguay in 2023.
We perform an observational, cross-sectional design in adolescent and adult subjects with celiac disease. A telematic questionnaire containing demographic and clinical data was applied. The adherence to the diet was evaluated with the Leffler questionnaire, eating attitudes and behaviors with the CD-FAB instrument, and family support with the family APGAR test. Descriptive and analytical statistics were applied with SPSS Statistics 25™ software. The research respected ethical aspects.
The final sample consisted of 292 people. The median age was 33 years and predominated the female sex (85.3%). Good adherence to the gluten-free diet was detected in 151 (51.7%) people and good adaptation to it in 164 (56.2%). In 141 cases (48.3%) it was stated that they had family support. The analysis showed that prolonged time since diagnosis and having family support were significantly associated with adherence to the gluten-free diet (p <0.05).
In people with celiac disease, adherence to the gluten-free diet was related to a prolonged time since diagnosis and receiving family support. It is recommended to investigate the causes of maladaptive behaviors to the gluten-free diet.
对于患有乳糜泻的人来说，坚持无麸质饮食对他们及其家庭环境而言始终是一项挑战。并非每个人都能适应新的饮食方式，可能会出现适应不良行为。目的是评估2023年巴拉圭乳糜泻患者坚持无麸质饮食的因素。
我们对患有乳糜泻的青少年和成年受试者进行了一项观察性横断面设计。应用了一份包含人口统计学和临床数据的远程问卷。使用莱弗勒问卷评估饮食依从性，使用CD-FAB工具评估饮食态度和行为，使用家庭APGAR测试评估家庭支持。使用SPSS Statistics 25™软件进行描述性和分析性统计。该研究遵循了伦理方面的要求。
最终样本包括292人。中位年龄为33岁，女性占主导（85.3%）。在151人（51.7%）中检测到对无麸质饮食的良好依从性，在164人（56.2%）中检测到对其的良好适应性。在141例（48.3%）中表示他们有家庭支持。分析表明，诊断后时间延长和有家庭支持与坚持无麸质饮食显著相关（p<0.05）。
在乳糜泻患者中，坚持无麸质饮食与诊断后时间延长和获得家庭支持有关。建议调查对无麸质饮食适应不良行为的原因。
