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[机械取栓术的并发症]

[Complications of mechanical thrombectomy].

作者信息

Mohamad Josef

机构信息

Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Neuroradiologie, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Kirrberger Straße 1, 66424, Homburg/Saar, Deutschland.

出版信息

Radiologie (Heidelb). 2025 Feb;65(2):123-126. doi: 10.1007/s00117-024-01401-1. Epub 2024 Dec 13.

DOI:10.1007/s00117-024-01401-1
PMID:39671085
Abstract

CLINICAL PROBLEM

Ischemic stroke is the most common cause of disability in adults and an important disease for society; therefore, the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment play an important role. Endovascular mechanical recanalization to reopen large occlusions of the intracerebral vessels has established itself as the gold standard in therapy, which is why knowledge of the most important complications and their management is essential for interventionalists.

PRACTICAL RECOMMENDATIONS

Intracranial hemorrhages, which include intracerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhages, are dreaded complications that significantly worsen the clinical outcome. Early monitoring and optimal management are therefore essential. Cerebral air embolism is a rare but dangerous complication whose prevention is paramount, as treatment options are limited.

摘要

临床问题

缺血性中风是成年人残疾的最常见原因,也是一种对社会很重要的疾病;因此,预防、诊断和治疗都起着重要作用。通过血管内机械再通来重新开通大脑血管的大血管闭塞已成为治疗的金标准,这就是为什么介入医生了解最重要的并发症及其处理方法至关重要。

实用建议

颅内出血,包括脑内出血和蛛网膜下腔出血,是令人恐惧的并发症,会显著恶化临床结局。因此,早期监测和优化管理至关重要。脑空气栓塞是一种罕见但危险的并发症,由于治疗选择有限,预防至关重要。

相似文献

1
[Complications of mechanical thrombectomy].[机械取栓术的并发症]
Radiologie (Heidelb). 2025 Feb;65(2):123-126. doi: 10.1007/s00117-024-01401-1. Epub 2024 Dec 13.
2
Complications of endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke: Prevention and management.急性缺血性脑卒中血管内治疗的并发症:预防与处理。
Int J Stroke. 2018 Jun;13(4):348-361. doi: 10.1177/1747493017743051. Epub 2017 Nov 24.
3
Complications of mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke: Incidence, risk factors, and clinical relevance in the Italian Registry of Endovascular Treatment in acute stroke.机械取栓治疗急性缺血性脑卒中的并发症:意大利急性卒中血管内治疗登记研究中的发生率、危险因素及临床相关性。
Int J Stroke. 2021 Oct;16(7):818-827. doi: 10.1177/1747493020976681. Epub 2020 Dec 6.
4
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Stroke. 2021 Dec;52(12):e764-e768. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.121.034865. Epub 2021 Oct 28.
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Predictors of intracranial hemorrhage in acute ischemic stroke after endovascular thrombectomy.血管内血栓切除术治疗急性缺血性脑卒中后颅内出血的预测因素。
Interv Neuroradiol. 2020 Aug;26(4):368-375. doi: 10.1177/1591019920926335. Epub 2020 May 31.
6
Mechanical Thrombectomy in Medium Vessel Occlusions: Blind Exchange With Mini-Pinning Technique Versus Mini Stent Retriever Alone.机械取栓治疗中等大小血管闭塞:盲法交换技术与单纯使用微抽吸导管比较。
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Increased Rate of Successful First Passage Recanalization During Mechanical Thrombectomy for M2 Occlusion.M2 闭塞机械取栓时初次通过再通率增高。
World Neurosurg. 2020 Jul;139:e792-e799. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.04.159. Epub 2020 May 1.
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Complications of Mechanical Thrombectomy in Acute Ischemic Stroke.机械取栓治疗急性缺血性脑卒中的并发症。
Neurology. 2021 Nov 16;97(20 Suppl 2):S115-S125. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000012803.
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Tirofiban on First-Pass Recanalization in Acute Stroke Endovascular Thrombectomy: The OPTIMISTIC Randomized Clinical Trial.替罗非班用于急性卒中血管内血栓切除术首次通过再通:OPTIMISTIC随机临床试验
JAMA Netw Open. 2025 Apr 1;8(4):e255308. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.5308.
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Intracranial hemorrhage risk in patients with cerebral microbleeds after mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.机械取栓治疗急性缺血性卒中后伴脑微出血患者的颅内出血风险:系统评价和荟萃分析。
Neurol Sci. 2024 Jul;45(7):3021-3029. doi: 10.1007/s10072-024-07393-z. Epub 2024 Feb 14.

本文引用的文献

1
Complications of Mechanical Thrombectomy in Acute Ischemic Stroke.机械取栓治疗急性缺血性脑卒中的并发症。
Neurology. 2021 Nov 16;97(20 Suppl 2):S115-S125. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000012803.
2
Hemorrhage After Endovascular Recanalization in Acute Stroke: Lesion Extent, Collaterals and Degree of Ischemic Water Uptake Mediate Tissue Vulnerability.急性卒中血管内再通术后出血:病变范围、侧支循环及缺血性水摄取程度介导组织易损性
Front Neurol. 2019 Jun 4;10:569. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00569. eCollection 2019.
3
Cerebral arterial gas embolism from attempted mechanical thrombectomy: recovery following hyperbaric oxygen therapy.
机械取栓术中发生脑动脉气体栓塞:高压氧治疗后的恢复情况
Pract Neurol. 2018 Apr;18(2):134-136. doi: 10.1136/practneurol-2017-001828. Epub 2017 Dec 28.
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Cerebral gas embolism associated with central venous catheter: Systematic review.与中心静脉导管相关的脑气体栓塞:系统评价
J Neurol Sci. 2016 Mar 15;362:160-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2016.01.043. Epub 2016 Jan 22.
5
Presence of Gyriform Air Predicts Unfavorable Outcome in Venous Catheter-Related Cerebral Air Embolism.脑回状空气的存在预示着静脉导管相关脑空气栓塞的不良预后。
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2015 Oct;24(10):2189-95. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2015.04.028. Epub 2015 Jul 26.
6
Peri-interventional Subarachnoid Hemorrhage During Mechanical Thrombectomy with stent retrievers in Acute Stroke: A Retrospective Case-Control Study.急性卒中使用支架取栓器进行机械取栓期间的围介入期蛛网膜下腔出血:一项回顾性病例对照研究
Clin Neuroradiol. 2015 Jun;25(2):173-6. doi: 10.1007/s00062-014-0294-6. Epub 2014 Feb 14.
7
Prospective, multicenter, single-arm study of mechanical thrombectomy using Solitaire Flow Restoration in acute ischemic stroke.急性缺血性脑卒中应用 Solitaire Flow Restoration 机械取栓的前瞻性、多中心、单臂研究。
Stroke. 2013 Oct;44(10):2802-7. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.113.001232. Epub 2013 Aug 1.
8
Subarachnoid hemorrhage in a multimodal approach heavily weighted toward mechanical thrombectomy with solitaire stent in acute stroke.蛛网膜下腔出血在急性脑卒中的机械取栓中采用Solitaire 支架的多模态治疗方法中占很大比重。
Stroke. 2013 Feb;44(2):414-9. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.112.675546. Epub 2013 Jan 3.
9
Vascular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of stroke.血管机制在中风发病机制中的作用。
Curr Hypertens Rep. 2011 Jun;13(3):200-7. doi: 10.1007/s11906-011-0195-x.
10
William M. Feinberg Lecture: stroke therapy in the year 2025: burden, breakthroughs, and barriers to progress.威廉·M·范伯格讲座:2025年的中风治疗:负担、突破与进展障碍
Stroke. 2004 Jan;35(1):205-11. doi: 10.1161/01.STR.0000106160.34316.19. Epub 2003 Dec 11.