Pulido Daisy, Perez-Laras Linda, Tonkopiy María, García-Castro Gabriel, Vélez Luis A, Delgado Yamixa
San Juan Bautista School of Medicine, Caguas, Puerto Rico.
P R Health Sci J. 2024 Dec;43(4):207-213.
Currently, in Puerto Rico (PR) there is no study for HPV vaccination rates after implementing mandatory HPV vaccination school entry policy in 2018. This study aims to (a) explore HPV vaccination status in adults (≥18 years) residing in PR., particularly those who fall within the age range approved for vaccination; (b) describe participants' gender and sexual identities and behavior risk factors; and (c) determine how the willingness to vaccinate against HPV is influenced by sociodemographic factors such as age, gender, education level, and health insurance.
We conducted a cross-sectional study to understand HPV vaccination status, sexual health and behavior risk factors, and sociodemographic factors in adults residing in PR. Surveys were distributed using various strategies over six months to collect data. Informed consent was obtained, and participants were assured anonymity and data utilization. We performed descriptive and logistic regression analyses using STATA.
From a sample of 314 individuals, 47% were vaccinated, and 82% were familiar with the HPV vaccine. Among the unvaccinated, 49% were open to vaccination. Age and gender significantly predicted vaccination status, with older individuals 65% less likely and females 60% more likely to be vaccinated than males and other genders.
This study identifies age, gender identity, education, and health insurance as pivotal determinants of HPV vaccination status in PR. It also found interest in vaccine information among non-vaccinated people, revealing significant coverage disparities crucial for enhancing vaccination rates and sexual health education.
目前，在波多黎各（PR），尚未有关于2018年实施人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）强制入学疫苗接种政策后HPV疫苗接种率的研究。本研究旨在：（a）探究居住在PR的成年人（≥18岁），尤其是处于获批疫苗接种年龄范围内人群的HPV疫苗接种状况；（b）描述参与者的性别、性身份及行为风险因素；（c）确定年龄、性别、教育水平和医疗保险等社会人口学因素如何影响HPV疫苗接种意愿。
我们开展了一项横断面研究，以了解居住在PR的成年人的HPV疫苗接种状况、性健康及行为风险因素以及社会人口学因素。在六个月内通过多种策略分发调查问卷以收集数据。获得了知情同意，并向参与者保证匿名及数据使用情况。我们使用STATA进行描述性和逻辑回归分析。
在314名个体的样本中，47%接种了疫苗，82%了解HPV疫苗。在未接种疫苗的人群中，49%愿意接种。年龄和性别显著预测了疫苗接种状况，65岁及以上人群接种疫苗的可能性比男性和其他性别低65%，女性接种疫苗的可能性比男性高60%。
本研究确定年龄、性别认同、教育和医疗保险是PR地区HPV疫苗接种状况的关键决定因素。研究还发现未接种疫苗人群对疫苗信息感兴趣，揭示了在提高疫苗接种率和性健康教育方面存在显著的覆盖差距。
