De León Marcos Áxel, Rivera Navarro Jesús, Cereijo Tejedor Luís, Tejero Manuel Franco
Sociology Department, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
Public Health and Epidemiology Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Biomedical Sciences Department, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
J Phys Act Health. 2024 Dec 23;22(3):347-354. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2024-0521. Print 2025 Mar 1.
Understanding socioeconomic and gender inequalities in physical inactivity during adolescence is a relevant public health issue to promote health in adult life. The aim of this qualitative study is to identify the factors that determine physical activity inequalities in adolescents.
We selected 2 educational centers in each of the 3 socioeconomic status areas-low, middle, and high-in the city of Madrid. We conducted a total of 18 semistructured interviews and 12 focus groups involving students, parents, teachers, and school principals. We followed the interpretative/constructivist paradigm within a case study design and grounded theory for the data analysis with the usage of ATLAS.ti 23 software.
Results included 4 main themes: (1) access to off-school structured physical activities; (2) physical activity restrictions due to socioeconomic status; (3) unacknowledged privilege in upper socioeconomic status adolescents; and (4) gender physical activity inequalities.
Improving the health of adolescents and future adults through increased physical activity requires equity and gender perspectives.
了解青少年身体活动不足方面的社会经济和性别不平等是促进成年期健康的一个相关公共卫生问题。这项定性研究的目的是确定决定青少年身体活动不平等的因素。
我们在马德里市的低、中、高三个社会经济地位区域中，每个区域选择了2个教育中心。我们总共进行了18次半结构化访谈和12次焦点小组讨论，参与对象包括学生、家长、教师和学校校长。我们在案例研究设计中遵循解释性/建构主义范式，并使用ATLAS.ti 23软件进行基于扎根理论的数据分析。
结果包括4个主要主题：（1）校外有组织体育活动的可及性；（2）由于社会经济地位导致的身体活动限制；（3）社会经济地位较高的青少年未被认识到的特权；（4）性别身体活动不平等。
通过增加身体活动来改善青少年及未来成年人的健康需要公平和性别视角。
