Kusi-Mensah Kwabena, Inuwa Kawther, Otu-Ansah Caleb, Ekremet Peggy Asiedu, Sackey Ruth Charlotte, Owusu-Antwi Ruth, Ohene Sammy, Omigbodun Olayinka
Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Clifford Allbutt Building, Cambridge Biomedical Campus CB2 OAH, Cambridge, UK.
Department of Psychiatry, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana.
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2024 Dec 14. doi: 10.1007/s10578-024-01799-8.
This study examined the prevalence and correlates of mental disorders among youth in Kumasi, Ghana, through a community-based cross-sectional survey. 672 urban participants aged 6-17 years were surveyed. Mental disorders were screened using Rutter's A2 Scale for Parent Assessment of Child Behaviour, with diagnoses confirmed by the Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia. The Double Sampling method was used for weighted prevalence estimates, and correlates analysed using chi-square and logistic regression. Lifetime weighted prevalence of CAMH disorders was 30.4% (95% CI: 26.9-33.9), predominantly anxiety-related disorders, with current weighted prevalence 18.6% (95% CI: 15.7-21.5). Notably, lacking an active reading habit was associated with nearly three times the odds of mental illness. Children in the 3rd and 4th wealth quintiles had significantly higher odds of mental disorder (12- and 9-times increased odds, respectively), as did lack of caregiver homework supervision among children under 11 years. This study provides the first community-based prevalence figures for childhood mental disorders in Ghana, highlighting the link between poverty-related factors and mental health, and suggesting potential policy interventions to inform policy.
本研究通过一项基于社区的横断面调查，对加纳库马西青少年精神障碍的患病率及其相关因素进行了调查。对672名年龄在6至17岁的城市参与者进行了调查。使用鲁特A2儿童行为家长评估量表对精神障碍进行筛查，并通过儿童情感障碍和精神分裂症量表确诊。采用双重抽样方法进行加权患病率估计，并使用卡方检验和逻辑回归分析相关因素。儿童和青少年精神障碍的终生加权患病率为30.4%（95%置信区间：26.9 - 33.9），主要为焦虑相关障碍，当前加权患病率为18.6%（95%置信区间：15.7 - 21.5）。值得注意的是，缺乏积极的阅读习惯与患精神疾病的几率增加近三倍有关。处于第三和第四财富五分位数的儿童患精神障碍的几率显著更高（分别增加12倍和9倍），11岁以下儿童缺乏照顾者对家庭作业的监督也是如此。本研究提供了加纳首个基于社区的儿童精神障碍患病率数据，突出了贫困相关因素与心理健康之间的联系，并提出了可能的政策干预措施，以为政策提供参考。
