Goldsmith B M, Hicks J M
Clin Chem. 1985 Feb;31(2):314-7.
We report two pediatric cases of rhabdomyolysis. This disease involves the destruction of skeletal muscle, which can present with myalgia and a brown-pigmented urine. The first patient presented with acute renal failure, hypertension, and hyponatremia. The second patient was pyrexic, hypernatremic, and hypokalemic, and later developed hypertension. Evidence of rhabdomyolysis in both patients included dark, o-tolidine-positive urine, granular casts in the urinary sediment, and grossly increased activities of creatine kinase (greater than 60 000 U/L) in serum. An uncommonly recognized entity in the pediatric age group, rhabdomyolysis often presents as an acute disease with severe onset but can be diagnosed with relatively simple laboratory tests.
我们报告两例小儿横纹肌溶解症病例。这种疾病涉及骨骼肌的破坏，可表现为肌痛和棕色尿。首例患者出现急性肾衰竭、高血压和低钠血症。第二例患者发热、高钠血症和低钾血症，随后发展为高血压。两名患者横纹肌溶解的证据包括深色、邻联甲苯胺阳性尿、尿沉渣中的颗粒管型以及血清中肌酸激酶活性大幅升高（大于60000 U/L）。横纹肌溶解症在小儿年龄组中是一种较少被认识的病症，通常表现为起病严重的急性疾病，但通过相对简单的实验室检查即可诊断。
