Wojteczek Anna, Chmielewski Michał, Zdrojewski Zbigniew
Department of Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology, Geriatrics and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Poland.
Reumatologia. 2024;62(5):368-380. doi: 10.5114/reum/194035. Epub 2024 Nov 9.
Nutritional disorders are significant but often underestimated complications in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). The most prevalent nutritional disorders in SSc are malnutrition, affecting up to 62.5% of patients, and sarcopenia, with a frequency of up to 42%. Thus, clinical vigilance is recommended for the detection of eating disorders in SSc patients, particularly those with gastrointestinal involvement, cardiopulmonary complications, an advanced disease stage, and high disease activity. Nutritional treatment should be carefully tailored to the patients' clinical condition to ensure that it effectively addresses their specific needs. Studies focusing on enteral nutrition in SSc patients demonstrate its effectiveness in stabilizing or improving nutritional status in malnourished patients. In severe cases, parenteral nutrition offers viable options to support patient health. The findings highlight the importance of early nutritional assessment and intervention in improving patient outcomes and suggest that individualized nutritional therapy can be a critical component of comprehensive care for SSc patients.
营养障碍是系统性硬化症（SSc）患者中显著但常被低估的并发症。SSc中最常见的营养障碍是营养不良，影响高达62.5%的患者，以及肌肉减少症，发生率高达42%。因此，建议临床保持警惕，以检测SSc患者的饮食障碍，特别是那些有胃肠道受累、心肺并发症、疾病晚期和高疾病活动度的患者。营养治疗应根据患者的临床状况进行精心调整，以确保有效满足其特定需求。针对SSc患者肠内营养的研究表明，它在稳定或改善营养不良患者的营养状况方面是有效的。在严重情况下，肠外营养为支持患者健康提供了可行的选择。这些发现强调了早期营养评估和干预对改善患者预后的重要性，并表明个体化营养治疗可能是SSc患者综合护理的关键组成部分。
