Li Ling, Zhu Shirui, Xue Mei
Department of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, China.
J Thorac Dis. 2024 Nov 30;16(11):7271-7281. doi: 10.21037/jtd-24-641. Epub 2024 Nov 21.
Recent studies have reported that diet can modulate the associations between risk factors and childhood metabolic diseases. Herein, this study aims to explore the role of dietary vitamin A (VA) in relation to asthma with hypertension in children and adolescents, and further provide some information on dietary aspect for the prevention of asthma related hypertension.
In this cross-sectional study, data of 9,448 children and adolescents were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database for the period of 2007 to 2018. Weighted univariate logistic regression analysis was used for covariates screening, and associations of dietary VA and asthma with hypertension were explored through weighted univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used as evaluation indexes. Besides, subgroup analyses of age, gender, and body mass index (BMI) were also performed.
There were a total of 546 participants with hypertension in the study cohort. Children and adolescents with asthma had higher odds of hypertension than non-asthma individuals after covariates adjustment (OR =1.35, 95% CI: 1.03-1.78). When there were deficient dietary VA intakes, having asthma was significantly linked to higher odds of hypertension comparing to non-asthma individuals (OR =1.46, 95% CI: 1.07-1.99). Additionally, the potential beneficial effect of sufficient dietary VA intakes on hypertension related asthma was found in aged ≥13 years old (OR =1.65, 95% CI: 1.21-2.26), male (OR =1.59, 95% CI: 1.09-2.33), and underweight/normal weight (OR =1.97, 95% CI: 1.14-3.43) subgroups.
Children and adolescents having asthma seemed to have higher odds of hypertension, and sufficient dietary VA intakes may help reduce the risk of asthma related hypertension. However, the causal effect of dietary VA intakes on this correlation needs further clarification.
最近的研究报告称，饮食可以调节风险因素与儿童代谢性疾病之间的关联。在此，本研究旨在探讨膳食维生素A（VA）在儿童和青少年哮喘合并高血压中的作用，并进一步提供一些饮食方面的信息，以预防哮喘相关的高血压。
在这项横断面研究中，从2007年至2018年的国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）数据库中获取了9448名儿童和青少年的数据。采用加权单因素逻辑回归分析进行协变量筛选，并通过加权单因素和多因素逻辑回归分析探讨膳食VA和哮喘与高血压的关联。使用95%置信区间（CIs）的比值比（ORs）作为评估指标。此外，还进行了年龄、性别和体重指数（BMI）的亚组分析。
研究队列中共有546名高血压参与者。在调整协变量后，哮喘儿童和青少年患高血压的几率高于非哮喘个体（OR = 1.35，95% CI：1.03 - 1.78）。当膳食VA摄入量不足时，与非哮喘个体相比，患有哮喘与高血压几率显著升高相关（OR = 1.46，95% CI：1.07 - 1.99）。此外，在年龄≥13岁（OR = 1.65，95% CI：1.21 - 2.26）、男性（OR = 1.59，95% CI：1.09 - 2.33）和体重过轻/正常体重（OR = 1.97，95% CI：1.14 - 3.43）亚组中发现了充足的膳食VA摄入量对高血压相关哮喘的潜在有益作用。
患有哮喘的儿童和青少年似乎患高血压的几率更高，充足的膳食VA摄入量可能有助于降低哮喘相关高血压的风险。然而，膳食VA摄入量对这种相关性的因果效应需要进一步阐明。
