El Abed Hanane, Ragala Mohammed E A, Lahsen Hanaâ Ait-Taleb, Benjelloun Mohamed C, Halim Karima
Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health and Quality of Life, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, P. B 1796 Atlas, 30003, Morocco.
Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques, Health Technology Department, Al Ghassani Hospital, Fez, Morocco.
J Educ Health Promot. 2024 Sep 28;13:353. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1626_23. eCollection 2024.
Despite the availability of effective asthma medications, the condition remains poorly controlled, making it one of the most common emergency room and physician visits each year. Appropriate asthma education programs are needed to maintain or improve optimal lung function in asthmatics. This study aimed to evaluate changes in lung function parameters in adult asthmatics before and after a structured educational intervention.
We conducted a quasi-experimental study with 157 adult asthma patients in the Pneumology Department of the Hassan II University Hospital in Fez, Morocco. The study was performed in three phases: patient recruitment and baseline data collection (March-May 2022), planning and implementation of educational sessions (June-July 2022), and lung function evaluation 3 months later (September-October 2022) after training. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected through a questionnaire. Spirometry was also performed before education and 3 months after. All patients received a structured and collective educational intervention. Pre- and post-education results were compared using the Wilcoxon test for qualitative variables and the paired sample -test for quantitative variables.
There was a statistically significant improvement ( < 0.001) in pulmonary function parameters (as a percentage of the reference value): forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FCV), and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) sequentially increased from 66.73 ± 20.84 to 70.64 ± 19.06; 74.74 ± 17.29 to 79.67 ± 16.15 and 67.51 ± 23.39 to 71.93 ± 21.57.
Our results suggest that an educational intervention can be beneficial in reducing alterations in lung function in adult asthmatics.
尽管有有效的哮喘药物，但该疾病的控制情况仍然很差，这使其成为每年最常见的急诊室就诊和看诊原因之一。需要适当的哮喘教育项目来维持或改善哮喘患者的最佳肺功能。本研究旨在评估成人哮喘患者在结构化教育干预前后肺功能参数的变化。
我们在摩洛哥非斯哈桑二世大学医院呼吸科对157名成年哮喘患者进行了一项准实验研究。该研究分三个阶段进行：患者招募和基线数据收集（2022年3月至5月）、教育课程的规划和实施（2022年6月至7月）以及培训3个月后（2022年9月至10月）进行肺功能评估。通过问卷收集社会人口统计学和临床数据。在教育前和3个月后也进行了肺活量测定。所有患者都接受了结构化的集体教育干预。使用威尔科克森检验对定性变量进行教育前后结果比较，使用配对样本t检验对定量变量进行比较。
肺功能参数（作为参考值的百分比）有统计学上的显著改善（P<0.001）：一秒用力呼气量（FEV1）、用力肺活量（FVC）和呼气峰值流速（PEFR）依次从66.73±20.84增加到70.64±19.06；从74.74±17.29增加到79.67±16.15，从67.51±23.39增加到71.93±21.57。
我们的结果表明，教育干预可能有助于减少成人哮喘患者的肺功能改变。
