2024年卢旺达马尔堡病毒疫情的基因组学与传播动态

Genomic and transmission dynamics of the 2024 Marburg virus outbreak in Rwanda.

作者信息

Butera Yvan, Mutesa Leon, Parker Edyth, Muvunyi Raissa, Umumararungu Esperance, Ayitewala Alisen, Musabyimana Jean Pierre, Olono Alhaji, Sesonga Placide, Ogunsanya Olusola, Kabalisa Emmanuel, Adedokun Oluwatobi, Gahima Nelson, Irankunda Laetitia, Mutezemariya Chantal, Niyonkuru Richard, Uwituze Arlene, Uwizera Ithiel, Kagame James, Umugwaneza Arlette, Rwabuhihi John, Umwanankabandi Fidele, Mbonitegeka Valens, Ntagwabira Edouard, Kayigi Etienne, Izuwayo Gerard, Murenzi Herve, Mukankwiro Therese, Tuyiringire Nasson, Uwimana Jean Marie Vianney, Gasengayire Agnes, Sindayiheba Reuben, Onyeugo Glory-Ugochi, Aragaw Merawi, Gitundu Lenny, Bigirimana Radjabu, Fallah Mosoka, Ejikeme Adaora, Sembuche Senga, Kabanda Alice, Mugisha Jean Claude, Francis Emmanuel Edwar Siddig, Gashema Pierre, Ndayisenga Jerome, Rugamba Alexis, Kanyabwisha Faustin, Murenzi Gad, Happi Anise, Ngabonziza Jean Claude Semuto, Gashegu Misbah, Ahmed Ayman, Bigirimana Noella, Rwagasore Edson, Semakula Muhammed, Rwabihama Jean Paul, Musanabaganwa Clarisse, Seruyange Eric, Nkeshimana Menelas, Twagirumugabe Theogene, Turatsinze David, Remera Eric, Gahamanyi Noel, Tessema Sofonias Kifle, Mukagatare Isabelle, Nsanzimana Sabin, Happi Christian, Muvunyi Claude Mambo

机构信息

Rwanda Joint Task Force for Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak, Ministry of Health, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.

Ministry of Health, Kigali, Rwanda.

出版信息

Nat Med. 2025 Feb;31(2):422-426. doi: 10.1038/s41591-024-03459-9. Epub 2024 Dec 16.

DOI:10.1038/s41591-024-03459-9

PMID:39681304

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11835718/

Abstract

The ongoing outbreak of Marburg virus disease in Rwanda marks the third largest historically, although it has shown the lowest fatality rate. Genomic analysis of samples from 18 cases identified a lineage with limited internal diversity, closely related to a 2014 Ugandan case. Our findings suggest that the Rwandan lineage diverged decades ago from a common ancestor shared with diversity sampled from bats in Uganda. Our genomic data reveal limited genetic variation, consistent with a single zoonotic transmission event and limited human-to-human transmission. Investigations including contact tracing, clinical assessments, sequencing and serology, linked the index case to a mining cave inhabited by Rousettus aegyptiacus. Serology tests identified three individuals seropositive for immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin M, further supporting the zoonotic origin of the outbreak through human-animal interactions.

摘要

卢旺达正在爆发的马尔堡病毒病是历史上第三大疫情，不过其死亡率是最低的。对18例病例样本的基因组分析确定了一个内部多样性有限的谱系，与2014年乌干达的一个病例密切相关。我们的研究结果表明，卢旺达谱系在几十年前就与乌干达蝙蝠样本的共同祖先分道扬镳。我们的基因组数据显示遗传变异有限，这与单一的人畜共患病传播事件和有限的人际传播相一致。包括接触者追踪、临床评估、测序和血清学在内的调查将首例病例与埃及果蝠栖息的一个采矿洞穴联系起来。血清学检测确定了三名个体的免疫球蛋白G和免疫球蛋白M呈血清阳性，进一步支持了通过人畜互动导致此次疫情的人畜共患病起源。