Wang Mingyue, Gao Xinghua, Zhang Li
Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China.
NHC Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China.
Chin Med J (Engl). 2025 Jan 20;138(2):185-192. doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000003416. Epub 2024 Dec 17.
Skin cancer is a common skin disease whose incidence and mortality rates have been showing yearly increases. In this report, we update the most recent data on skin cancer as obtained from GLOBOCAN 2022.
The incidence and mortality rates of skin cancer (melanoma of skin and non-melanoma skin cancer) in GLOBOCAN 2022 were reviewed. These data were analyzed and the characteristics of incidence and mortality across five continents and top five countries and regions in each continent are presented. In addition, correlations between Human Development Index (HDI) and age-standardized incidence and mortality rates of these two skin cancers are described.
The GLOBOCAN 2022 data indicated that melanoma was the 17th most common cancer. An estimated 331,722 people were diagnosed with melanoma globally and approximately 58,667 died from this disease. For non-melanoma skin cancer, it ranks as the 5th most common cancer, and an estimated 1,234,533 people were diagnosed with non-melanoma skin cancer globally and approximately 69,416 died from this disease. The incidence of skin cancer varies across geographic regions and countries, with a predominance observed in Oceania, North America, and Europe. Australia was ranked first in terms of incidence, while incidence rates in Africa and Asia were very low. Despite these regional differences in incidence, there was little geographic variation in mortality rates. Currently, the number of deaths from non-melanoma skin cancer exceeds that of melanoma of skin. HDI was positively associated with the incidence of both types of skin cancers, with a positive correlation obtained between HDI and mortality from melanoma of skin and a negative correlation between HDI and mortality from non-melanoma skin cancer.
Skin cancer remains a major disease burden worldwide. Substantial variations are observed across countries and regions. Further research on skin cancer will be required to provide a rationale for more effective preventions and treatments of this condition.
皮肤癌是一种常见的皮肤疾病，其发病率和死亡率逐年上升。在本报告中，我们更新了从《全球癌症统计2022》中获取的皮肤癌最新数据。
回顾了《全球癌症统计2022》中皮肤癌（皮肤黑色素瘤和非黑色素瘤皮肤癌）的发病率和死亡率。对这些数据进行了分析，并呈现了五大洲以及各大洲前五个国家和地区的发病率和死亡率特征。此外，还描述了人类发展指数（HDI）与这两种皮肤癌的年龄标准化发病率和死亡率之间的相关性。
《全球癌症统计2022》的数据表明，黑色素瘤是第17大常见癌症。全球估计有331,722人被诊断出患有黑色素瘤，约58,667人死于该疾病。对于非黑色素瘤皮肤癌，它是第5大常见癌症，全球估计有1,234,533人被诊断出患有非黑色素瘤皮肤癌，约69,416人死于该疾病。皮肤癌的发病率在不同地理区域和国家有所不同，在大洋洲、北美和欧洲较为普遍。澳大利亚的发病率排名第一，而非洲和亚洲的发病率非常低。尽管发病率存在这些地区差异，但死亡率的地理差异很小。目前，非黑色素瘤皮肤癌的死亡人数超过了皮肤黑色素瘤。HDI与两种类型皮肤癌的发病率均呈正相关，HDI与皮肤黑色素瘤死亡率呈正相关，与非黑色素瘤皮肤癌死亡率呈负相关。
皮肤癌仍然是全球主要的疾病负担。各国和各地区存在很大差异。需要对皮肤癌进行进一步研究，以便为更有效地预防和治疗这种疾病提供依据。
