Ocanto Abrahams, Teja Macarena, Amorelli Francesco, Couñago Felipe, Gomez Palacios Ariel, Alcaraz Diego, Cantero Ramón
Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitario San Francisco de Asís, GenesisCare, 28002 Madrid, Spain.
Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitario Vithas La Milagrosa, GenesisCare, 28010 Madrid, Spain.
Cancers (Basel). 2024 Dec 2;16(23):4047. doi: 10.3390/cancers16234047.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a neoplasm with a high prevalence worldwide, with a multimodal treatment that includes a combination of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery in locally advanced stages with acceptable pathological complete response (pCR) rates, this has improved with the introduction of total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) reaching pCR rates up to 37% in compare with classic neoadjuvant treatment (NAT) where pCR rates of around 20-25% are achieved. However, the patient population that benefits most from this therapy has not been determined, and there is a lack of biomarkers that can predict the course of the disease. Multiple biomarkers have been studied, ranging from hematological and molecular markers by imaging technique and combinations of them, with contradictory results that prevent their use in routine clinical practice. In this review, we evaluate the most robust prognostic biomarkers to be used in clinical practice, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages and emphasizing biomarker combinations and their predictive value.
结直肠癌（CRC）是一种在全球范围内高发的肿瘤，其多模式治疗包括在局部晚期阶段联合化疗、放疗和手术，病理完全缓解（pCR）率尚可。随着全新辅助治疗（TNT）的引入，这一情况得到了改善，与经典新辅助治疗（NAT）相比，TNT的pCR率高达37%，而经典新辅助治疗的pCR率约为20%-25%。然而，最能从这种治疗中获益的患者群体尚未确定，并且缺乏能够预测疾病进程的生物标志物。已经对多种生物标志物进行了研究，从血液学和分子标志物到成像技术及其组合，结果相互矛盾，阻碍了它们在常规临床实践中的应用。在这篇综述中，我们评估了可用于临床实践的最可靠的预后生物标志物，突出了它们的优缺点，并强调了生物标志物组合及其预测价值。
