Krivoshapova Kristina, Tsygankova Daria, Neeshpapa Anastasiya, Kareeva Anastasia, Kokov Alexandr, Bazdyrev Evgeny, Karetnikova Victoria, Barbarash Olga
Federal State Budgetary Institution "Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases", Kemerovo 650002, Russia.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2024 Nov 26;14(23):2663. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics14232663.
The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of prefrailty and frailty syndrome (FS) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), and the clinical and biological characteristics of frail patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
The study included 78 patients with CAD who were admitted to the clinic to undergo PCI. To detect prefrailty and FS in patients, we used a short physical performance test battery (10-12 points-no FS, 8-9 points-prefrailty, 7 or fewer points-FS). We used the RayBio Human ELISA Kit (Norcross, GA, USA), a highly sensitive and highly specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, to determine the concentration of biological markers of inflammation (IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, IL-15, TNF-α) and bone, muscle, and fat remodeling (leptin, calcitonin, osteoprotegerin, osteocalcin, myostatin) in the serum of patients with coronary artery disease before planned PCI.
Taking into account the test battery score, the prevalence of FS in patients with CAD before elective PCI was 24.4%, the prevalence of prefrailty was 33.3%. According to the results of the study, older women with type 2 diabetes in their history were significantly more likely to be frail. Studying a wide range of biological markers of inflammation and musculoskeletal and fat remodeling, we noted lower levels of calcitonin (2.60 [1.50; 5.85] pg/mL, = 0.018) and osteoprotegerin (0.80 [0.60; 1.20] ng/mL, = 0.025) in the serum of frail patients with CAD. Later we confirmed the results by correlation analysis. Moreover, we found an association between FS and higher serum leptin levels in patients with CAD before elective PCI.
The results of the study confirm the high prevalence of prefrailty (33.3%) and FS (24.4%) in patients with CAD. Older women with type 2 diabetes in their history were significantly more likely to be frail. At the same time, the presence of FS is associated with lower levels of calcitonin and osteoprotegerin, and higher levels of leptin in the serum of frail patients before elective PCI.
本研究旨在分析冠状动脉疾病（CAD）患者中衰弱前期和衰弱综合征（FS）的患病率，以及接受择期经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）的衰弱患者的临床和生物学特征。
本研究纳入了78例因计划接受PCI而入院的CAD患者。为检测患者的衰弱前期和FS，我们使用了简短体能测试组合（10 - 12分 - 无FS，8 - 9分 - 衰弱前期，7分及以下 - FS）。我们使用RayBio Human ELISA试剂盒（美国佐治亚州诺克罗斯），一种高灵敏度和高特异性的酶联免疫吸附测定法，来测定计划PCI前CAD患者血清中炎症（IL - 6、IL - 10、IL - 13、IL - 15、TNF - α）以及骨骼、肌肉和脂肪重塑（瘦素、降钙素、骨保护素、骨钙素、肌肉生长抑制素）的生物标志物浓度。
考虑测试组合评分，择期PCI前CAD患者中FS的患病率为24.4%，衰弱前期的患病率为33.3%。根据研究结果，既往有2型糖尿病史的老年女性更易出现衰弱。在研究一系列炎症以及肌肉骨骼和脂肪重塑的生物标志物时，我们注意到CAD衰弱患者血清中的降钙素水平较低（2.60 [1.50; 5.85] pg/mL，P = 0.018），骨保护素水平较低（0.80 [0.60; 1.20] ng/mL，P = 0.025）。随后我们通过相关分析证实了这些结果。此外，我们发现择期PCI前CAD患者中FS与血清瘦素水平较高之间存在关联。
研究结果证实CAD患者中衰弱前期（33.3%）和FS（24.4%）的患病率较高。既往有2型糖尿病史的老年女性更易出现衰弱。同时，FS的存在与择期PCI前衰弱患者血清中降钙素和骨保护素水平较低以及瘦素水平较高有关。
