Naharro-Rodriguez Jorge, Bacci Stefano, Fernandez-Guarino Montserrat
Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, 28801 Madrid, Spain.
Dermatology Department, Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, 28034 Madrid, Spain.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2024 Dec 3;14(23):2724. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics14232724.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is widely utilized in dermatology for the treatment of various skin conditions. Despite its effectiveness, the exact biomolecular changes underlying therapeutic outcomes remain only partially understood. This review, through a transversal approach, aims to provide an in-depth exploration of molecular biomarkers involved in PDT, evaluate its underlying mechanisms, and examine how these insights can contribute to enhanced treatment protocols and personalized therapy approaches.
A narrative review of the literature was conducted, targeting peer-reviewed articles and clinical trials that focus on PDT and its molecular biomarker effects on dermatological conditions. The databases searched included PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, and the inclusion criteria encompassed original research articles, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses in English.
PDT effectively reduces the expression of critical biomarkers such as p53, Cyclin D1, and Ki-67 in AK and other cancerous lesions, leading to reduced cell proliferation and increased apoptosis. Additionally, PDT promotes extracellular matrix remodeling and stimulates collagen production, which has a rejuvenating effect on the skin and a promising role in the treatment of chronic wounds.
PDT represents a powerful and versatile treatment option for various dermatological conditions due to its ability to target cellular pathways involved in proliferation and apoptosis. Further research into optimizing treatment parameters and combining PDT with other targeted therapies may enhance patient outcomes, reduce resistance, and pave the way for more individualized therapeutic approaches in dermatology.
背景/目的：光动力疗法（PDT）在皮肤科广泛用于治疗各种皮肤疾病。尽管其疗效显著，但治疗结果背后确切的生物分子变化仍仅被部分理解。本综述通过横向研究方法，旨在深入探讨参与PDT的分子生物标志物，评估其潜在机制，并研究这些见解如何有助于改进治疗方案和个性化治疗方法。
对文献进行叙述性综述，目标是聚焦于PDT及其对皮肤病分子生物标志物影响的同行评审文章和临床试验。检索的数据库包括PubMed、Scopus和Web of Science，纳入标准涵盖英文的原创研究文章、系统评价和荟萃分析。
PDT可有效降低光化性角化病（AK）和其他癌性病变中关键生物标志物如p53、细胞周期蛋白D1和Ki-67的表达，从而减少细胞增殖并增加细胞凋亡。此外，PDT可促进细胞外基质重塑并刺激胶原蛋白生成，这对皮肤具有年轻化作用，在慢性伤口治疗中具有潜在作用。
由于PDT能够靶向参与增殖和凋亡的细胞途径，它是治疗各种皮肤病的一种强大且通用的治疗选择。进一步研究优化治疗参数以及将PDT与其他靶向治疗相结合，可能会改善患者预后，降低耐药性，并为皮肤科更个性化的治疗方法铺平道路。
