Werner Robert, Carnazza Michelle, Li Xiu-Min, Yang Nan
Division of R&D, General Nutraceutical Technology LLC, Elmsford, NY 10523, USA.
Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA.
Cells. 2024 Dec 3;13(23):1994. doi: 10.3390/cells13231994.
Pathologic mast cells and basophils, key effector cells in allergic reactions, play pivotal roles in initiating and perpetuating IgE-mediated allergic responses. Conventional therapies for allergies have limitations, prompting exploration into alternative approaches such as small-molecule natural compounds derived from botanical sources. This review synthesizes the existing literature on the effects of these compounds on pathologic mast cells and basophils, highlighting their potential in allergy management, and utilizes the PubMed database for literature acquisition, employing keyword-based searches to identify relevant peer-reviewed sources. Additionally, mechanistic insights were evaluated to contextualize how small-molecule natural compounds can inhibit mast cell/basophil activation, degranulation, and signaling pathways crucial for IgE-mediated allergic reactions. Small-molecule natural compounds exhibit promising anti-allergic effects, yet despite these findings, challenges persist in the development and translation of natural compound-based therapies, including bioavailability and standardization issues. Future research directions include optimizing dosing regimens, exploring synergistic effects with existing therapies, and employing systems pharmacology approaches for a holistic understanding of their mechanisms of action. By harnessing the therapeutic potential of small-molecule natural compounds, effective treatments for allergic diseases may be realized, offering hope for individuals with allergies.
病理性肥大细胞和嗜碱性粒细胞是过敏反应中的关键效应细胞，在引发和维持IgE介导的过敏反应中起关键作用。传统的过敏疗法存在局限性，这促使人们探索替代方法，如源自植物来源的小分子天然化合物。本综述综合了关于这些化合物对病理性肥大细胞和嗜碱性粒细胞影响的现有文献，强调了它们在过敏管理中的潜力，并利用PubMed数据库获取文献，通过基于关键词的搜索来识别相关的同行评审来源。此外，还评估了作用机制，以了解小分子天然化合物如何抑制肥大细胞/嗜碱性粒细胞的激活、脱颗粒以及对IgE介导的过敏反应至关重要的信号通路。小分子天然化合物显示出有前景的抗过敏作用，然而，尽管有这些发现，基于天然化合物的疗法在开发和转化过程中仍然存在挑战，包括生物利用度和标准化问题。未来的研究方向包括优化给药方案、探索与现有疗法的协同作用，以及采用系统药理学方法全面了解其作用机制。通过利用小分子天然化合物的治疗潜力，可能实现对过敏性疾病的有效治疗，为过敏患者带来希望。
