Das Gitishree, Kameswaran Srinivasan, Ramesh Bellamkonda, Bangeppagari Manjunatha, Nath Rajat, Das Talukdar Anupam, Shin Han-Seung, Patra Jayanta Kumar
Research Institute of Integrative Life Sciences, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang-si 10326, Republic of Korea.
Department of Botany, Vikrama Simhapuri University College, Kavali 524201, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Foods. 2024 Nov 25;13(23):3785. doi: 10.3390/foods13233785.
Aging is a complex process that involves many physiological mechanisms that gradually impair normal cellular and tissue function and make us more susceptible to diseases and death. It is influenced by intrinsic factors like cellular function and extrinsic factors like pollution and UV radiation. Recent scientific studies show that traditional plant-based foods and supplements can help mitigate the effects of aging. Nutraceuticals, which are dietary supplements with medicinal properties, have gained attention for their ability to prevent chronic and age-related diseases. Antioxidants like flavonoids, carotenoids, ascorbic acid, terpenes, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, minerals, etc. found in plants are key to managing oxidative stress, which is a major cause of aging. Well-known plant-based supplements from , , , , , and have been found to possess medicinal properties. These supplements have been shown to improve cognitive function, reduce oxidative stress, improve overall health, and potentially extend life and enhance the excellence of life. The obtained benefits from these plant species are due to the presence of their bioactive secondary metabolites, such as bacosides in , curcumin in , ginsenosides in , and many more. These compounds not only protect against free radical damage but also modulate key biological pathways of aging. Also, traditional fermented foods (tempeh and kimchi), which are rich in probiotics and bioactive compounds, support gut health, boost immune function, and have anti-aging properties. The molecular mechanisms behind these benefits are the activation of nutrient-sensing pathways like AMPK, SIRT/NAD+, and mTOR, which are important for cellular homeostasis and longevity. This review shows the potential of traditional plant-based foods and dietary supplements for healthy aging, and more studies are needed to prove their efficacy and safety in humans. Incorporating these natural products into our diet may be a practical and effective way to counteract the effects of aging and overall well-being. The foremost goal of this review is to emphasize the importance of supporting the body's antioxidant system by consuming the right balance of natural ingredients in the diet.
衰老过程复杂，涉及多种生理机制，这些机制会逐渐损害正常细胞和组织功能，使我们更易患病和死亡。衰老受细胞功能等内在因素以及污染和紫外线辐射等外在因素影响。近期科学研究表明，传统植物性食物和补充剂有助于减轻衰老影响。营养保健品作为具有药用特性的膳食补充剂，因其预防慢性和与年龄相关疾病的能力而受到关注。植物中含有的黄酮类化合物、类胡萝卜素、抗坏血酸、萜类、单宁、皂苷、生物碱、矿物质等抗氧化剂是应对氧化应激的关键，氧化应激是衰老的主要原因。已发现来自[具体植物名称未给出]等的知名植物性补充剂具有药用特性。这些补充剂已被证明可改善认知功能、减轻氧化应激、改善整体健康状况，并可能延长寿命和提升生活品质。从这些植物物种中获得的益处归因于其生物活性次生代谢产物的存在，例如[具体植物名称未给出]中的黄芪皂苷、[具体植物名称未给出]中的姜黄素、[具体植物名称未给出]中的人参皂苷等等。这些化合物不仅能抵御自由基损伤，还能调节衰老的关键生物学途径。此外，富含益生菌和生物活性化合物的传统发酵食品（豆豉和泡菜）有助于肠道健康、增强免疫功能并具有抗衰老特性。这些益处背后的分子机制是激活如AMPK、SIRT/NAD +和mTOR等营养感应途径，这些途径对细胞内稳态和长寿至关重要。本综述显示了传统植物性食物和膳食补充剂对健康衰老的潜力，还需要更多研究来证明它们对人类的有效性和安全性。将这些天然产品纳入我们的饮食可能是抵消衰老影响和促进整体健康的切实有效方法。本综述的首要目标是强调通过在饮食中摄入适当平衡的天然成分来支持身体抗氧化系统的重要性。
