Yang Ruiping, Shen Yu, Kong Xiangyi, Ge Baoming, Sun Xiaoping, Cao Mingchang
Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China.
Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Nov 21;13(23):3273. doi: 10.3390/plants13233273.
This long-term field study conducted in Yancheng, China, evaluated the effects of diverse crop rotation sequences on rice growth, yield, and soil properties. Six rotation treatments were implemented from 2016 to 2023 as follows: rice-wheat (control), rice-rape, rice-hairy vetch, rice-barley, rice-faba bean, and rice-winter fallow. Rice growth parameters, yield components, biomass accumulation, and soil properties were measured. Results showed that legume-based rotations, particularly rice-faba bean and rice-hairy vetch, significantly improved rice growth and yield compared to the rice-wheat control. The rice-faba bean rotation increased yield by 19.1% to 8.73 t/ha compared to 7.33 t/ha for the control, while rice-hairy vetch increased yield by 11.9% to 8.20 t/ha. These rotations also demonstrated higher biomass production efficiency, with increases of 33.33% and 25.00%, respectively, in spring crop biomass. Soil nutrients improvements were observed, particularly in available nitrogen, potassium, and electrical conductivity. Legume-based rotations increased the available nitrogen by up to 35.9% compared to the control. The study highlights the potential of diversified crop rotations, especially those incorporating legumes, to enhance rice productivity and soil health in subtropical regions. These findings have important implications for developing sustainable and resilient rice-based cropping systems to address challenges of food security and environmental sustainability in the face of climate change and resource constraints.
这项在中国盐城开展的长期田间研究，评估了不同作物轮作顺序对水稻生长、产量及土壤性质的影响。2016年至2023年实施了六种轮作处理，具体如下：稻麦（对照）、稻油、稻毛苕子、稻大麦、稻蚕豆和稻冬闲。测定了水稻生长参数、产量构成因素、生物量积累及土壤性质。结果表明，与稻麦对照相比，以豆科作物为基础的轮作，尤其是稻蚕豆和稻毛苕子，显著改善了水稻生长和产量。稻蚕豆轮作的产量比对照的7.33吨/公顷提高了19.1%，达到8.73吨/公顷，而稻毛苕子轮作的产量提高了11.9%，达到8.20吨/公顷。这些轮作还表现出更高的生物量生产效率，春季作物生物量分别增加了33.33%和25.00%。观察到土壤养分有所改善，尤其是有效氮、钾和电导率。与对照相比，以豆科作物为基础的轮作使有效氮增加了35.9%。该研究突出了多样化作物轮作的潜力，尤其是那些包含豆科作物的轮作，以提高亚热带地区水稻的生产力和土壤健康。这些发现对于发展可持续且有韧性的水稻种植系统具有重要意义，以应对气候变化和资源限制背景下的粮食安全及环境可持续性挑战。
